Cutaneous Infections Caused by Herpesviridae: A Review

Chisholm, Cary; Lopez, Lisa A.

doi:10.5858/arpa.2010-0156-rs

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, no human herpesviridae DNA sequences have been detected to date on healthy human skin by HTS, although some of these viruses, like Varicella-Zoster virus and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1/HHV-1 and HSV-2/ HHV-2) [24][25][26][27], are known to replicate in this tissue and/ or in the mucosa, and being shed, after primary infection and reactivation. One possible explanation of the absence of herpesviridae from healthy human skin virome could be the localized shedding and rapid virus clearance after reactivation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chicken skin virome analyzed by high-throughput sequencing shows a composition highly different from human skin

Denesvre¹,

Dumarest

Rémy³

et al. 2015

Virus Genes

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Recent studies show that human skin at homeostasis is a complex ecosystem whose virome include circular DNA viruses, especially papillomaviruses and polyomaviruses. To determine the chicken skin virome in comparison with human skin virome, a chicken swabs pool sample from fifteen indoor healthy chickens of five genetic backgrounds was examined for the presence of DNA viruses by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). The results indicate a predominance of herpesviruses from the Mardivirus genus, coming from either vaccinal origin or presumably asymptomatic infection. Despite the high sensitivity of the HTS method used herein to detect small circular DNA viruses, we did not detect any papillomaviruses, polyomaviruses, or circoviruses, indicating that these viruses may not be resident of the chicken skin. The results suggest that the turkey herpesvirus is a resident of chicken skin in vaccinated chickens. This study indicates major differences between the skin viromes of chickens and humans. The origin of this difference remains to be further studied in relation with skin physiology, environment, or virus population dynamics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chicken skin virome analyzed by high-throughput sequencing shows a composition highly different from human skin

Denesvre¹,

Dumarest

Rémy³

et al. 2015

Virus Genes

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“…Genital ulcers, although clinically similar to those described in CMV cutaneous infection,16 cannot be attributed directly to the virus, neither other infectious agents, as the skin biopsy showed unspecific inflammatory infiltrate and sexual-transmitted diseases serology was negative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Cytomegalovirus-related transverse myelitis in an immunocompetent host: a subacute onset of an immune-mediated disease?

Hierro

Halalau

2017

BMJ Case Reports

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We report a case of transverse myelitis in an immunocompetent host with an atypical long onset of symptoms. A 56-year-old man was admitted to the hospital reporting 5 months of progressive ascending lower extremity weakness and numbness, inability to walk, bowel incontinence,urinary retention and several episodes of nausea and vomiting. MRI showed moderate spinal swelling and multiple hyperintense signal changes on cervical levels C2-C5 and thoracic levels T1-T3. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed pleocytosis and was positive for anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG intrathecal antibodies, but the CSF PCR for CMV was negative. The diagnosis of immune-mediated CMV-related transverse myelitis was established and the patient was treated with methylprednisolone and valgancyclovir. The patient had poor recovery and remained paraplegic at discharge.

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“…EBV, HCMV, and KSHV infections have the potential to not only cause severe manifestations during acute infection, but also the development of hematologic or solid malignancies [126, 127]. A variety of herpesviruses also cause cutaneous and ocular infections with potential for life-long morbidity [128–130]. Thorough knowledge of specific viral immune evasion mechanisms may provide avenues for developing more effective therapies against disease related to human herpesviruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Herpesviridae Methods of Natural Killer Cell Evasion

Odom

Gaston

Markert

et al. 2012

Advances in Virology

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Human herpesviruses cause diseases of considerable morbidity and mortality, ranging from encephalitis to hematologic malignancies. As evidence emerges about the role of innate immunity and natural killer (NK) cells in the control of herpesvirus infection, evidence of viral methods of innate immune evasion grows as well. These methods include interference with the ligands on infected cell surfaces that bind NK cell activating or inhibitory receptors. This paper summarizes the most extensively studied NK cell receptor/ligand pairs and then describes the methods of NK cell evasion used by all eight herpesviruses through these receptors and ligands. Although great strides have been made in elucidating their mechanisms, there is still a disparity between viruses in the amount of knowledge regarding innate immune evasion. Further research of herpesvirus innate immune evasion can provide insight for circumventing viral mechanisms in future therapies.

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Cutaneous Infections Caused by Herpesviridae: A Review

Cited by 49 publications

References 25 publications

Chicken skin virome analyzed by high-throughput sequencing shows a composition highly different from human skin

Chicken skin virome analyzed by high-throughput sequencing shows a composition highly different from human skin

Cytomegalovirus-related transverse myelitis in an immunocompetent host: a subacute onset of an immune-mediated disease?

Human Herpesviridae Methods of Natural Killer Cell Evasion

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