Current Updates on Role of Lipids in Hematopoiesis

Abstract

Hematopoiesis is the process which generates all the mature blood cells from the rare pool of Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Asymmetric cell division of HSCs provide it dual capacity for self-renewal and multi-potent differentiation. Hematopoiesis is a steady state process in which mature blood cells are produced at the same rate at which they are lost, establishing a homeostasis. HSCs are regulated through their environmental niche, cytokine signalling, and the orchestrated activities of various transcription factors. However, there is very little information available about the signal transduction events that regulate HSC function; in particular, the effects of bioactive lipids and lipid mediators are not well understood. Recent studies have added an important aspect of this process, introducing the role of lipids in cell fate decisions during hematopoiesis. The mechanisms of bioactive lipids and their derivatives have been studied extensively in signal transduction and various other cellular processes. This review focuses on various categories of lipids and their regulatory mechanisms in HSCs and their comment into different blood cells. Moreover, we also discuss the role of lipid signalling specifically in megakaryocyte and platelets.

Pannexin-1 channel “fuels” by releasing ATP from bone marrow cells a state of sterile inflammation required for optimal mobilization and homing of hematopoietic stem cells

“…Hematopoiesis is regulated by several peptide-based cytokines, hormones and growth factors, bioactive lipids, steroid hormones and that is highly relevant to our current work by extracellular nucleotides and purinergic signaling [ 36 – 39 ]. The most important mediator of purinergic signaling is extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) that activates a family of P2 purinergic receptors [ 15 ].…”

The Metabolic Impact of Two Different Parenteral Nutrition Lipid Emulsions in Children after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Lipidomics Investigation

“…For clinical purposes, the FA profile is the most relevant characteristic of the IVLE. The available evidence demonstrates that ω-6 and ω-3 essential FAs and their long-chain metabolites can act through multiple mechanisms to promote the proliferation and differentiation of various stem cell types [ 33 , 34 ]. In particular, lipids have been found to participate in the mitochondrial activity to maintain HSC, a role previously overlooked due to HSC being thought of as primarily glycolytic.…”

Lipid metabolism in focus: how the build-up and breakdown of lipids affects stem cells

“…Other lipids, not directly related to FAO, have also been shown to regulate HSCs (Bansal et al, 2018). Taken together, these studies open up an interesting new avenue to enhance the current clinical approaches by modulating HSCs through metabolite and/or lipid treatments prior to HSC transplantation.…”