Current technologies for plastic waste treatment: A review

Zhang, Fan; Zhao, Yuting; Wang, Dandan; Yan, Mengqin; Zhang, Jing; Zhang, Pengyan; Ding, Tonggui; Chen, Lei; Chen, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124523

Cited by 301 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 189 publications

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“…Although a biofilm formation was found in this type of plastics [ 26 , 62 , 63 ], the abiotic–biotic process was triggered by weathering. The limitation of UV radiation and oxygen hindered the process in landfills, as photodegradation was the primary mechanism for the abiotic degradation stage [ 64 ]. This requirement of an abiotic degradation process, triggered mainly by UV radiation, was one of the main barriers to the degradation of oxo-degradable plastics in landfills and dumpsites, where most of them would be buried in the dark.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This requirement of an abiotic degradation process, triggered mainly by UV radiation, was one of the main barriers to the degradation of oxo-degradable plastics in landfills and dumpsites, where most of them would be buried in the dark. The use of additives that caused observable changes in color, when the desired abiotic photodegradation was achieved, was suggested as an option to guarantee this technology’s proper performance [ 64 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Degradation of Plastics in Simulated Landfill Conditions

Quecholac-Piña

Consuelo

Consuelo³

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Different degradable plastics have been promoted as a solution for the accumulation of waste in landfills and the natural environment; in Mexico, the most popular options are oxo-degradable, which degrade in a sequential abiotic–biotic process, and compostable plastics. In this research, high-density polyethylene, oxo-degradable high-density polyethylene, and certified compostable plastic were exposed to simulated landfill conditions in an 854-day-long experiment to assess their degradation. High-density polyethylene showed limited degradation, due mainly to surface erosion, evidenced by a 13% decrease in elongation at break. The pro-oxidant additive in the oxo-degradable plastic increased this loss of mechanical properties to 27%. However, both plastic films kept their physical integrity and high molecular weight by the end of the experiment, evidencing degradation but no biodegradation. While the compostable film fragmented, had a lower molecular weight at the end of the experiment, and decreased the presence of C=O bonds, this degradation took place remarkably slower than expected from a composting process. Results show that oxo-degradable and compostable plastics will not biodegrade readily in landfills. This fact should be known and understood for decision-makers to match the characteristics of the materials to the features of the waste management systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Plastics in Simulated Landfill Conditions

Quecholac-Piña

Consuelo

Consuelo³

et al. 2021

Polymers

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“…Resource recovery is another alternative that can be utilized for producing oil, wax paraffin, benzene, styrene, terephthalic acid, di-isocyanate, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, and carbon nanotubes from plastic waste through different techniques such as pyrolysis, hydrocracking, and gasification (Fivga and Dimitriou, 2018;Salaudeen et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2018;Yao et al, 2018;Zhang F. et al, 2020;Qureshi et al, 2020). The non-recyclable fraction of the plastic waste recovered after mechanical treatment (MT) can be used as RDF in energy extensive plants like chemical, cement, or paper manufacturing plants (Onwosi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Plastic Solid Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventional technologies such as incineration and landfills for plastic waste treatment cause ill effects on the environment and human health (Zhang F. et al, 2020). Some advanced technologies, viz.…”

Section: Research and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pyrolysis, hydrocracking, gasification, and chemolysis are developed to recover plastic waste resources (Al-Salem et al, 2017;Ragaert et al, 2017). Whereas treatments like photodegradation, mechanochemical degradation, and thermo degradation practices have been used for plastic waste degradation (Yang et al, 2018;Zhang F. et al, 2020). These approaches can be considered in the recovery of plastic waste produced in the IHR.…”

Section: Research and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid Waste Management in Indian Himalayan Region: Current Scenario, Resource Recovery, and Way Forward for Sustainable Development

et al. 2021

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With the growing population, solid waste management (SWM) is becoming a significant environmental challenge and an emerging issue, especially in the eco-sensitive Indian Himalayan region (IHR). Though IHR does not host high local inhabitants, growing tourist footfall in the IHR increases solid wastes significantly. The lack of appropriate SWM facilities has posed a serious threat to the mountain-dwelling communities. SWM is challenging in the highlands due to the remoteness, topographical configuration, increasing urbanization, and harsh climate compared to plain areas. Difficulty in managing SWM has led to improper disposal methods, like open dumping and open burning of waste, that are adversely affecting the fragile IHR ecosystem. Open dumping of unsegregated waste pollutes the freshwater streams, and burning releases major pollutants often linked to the glacier melt. Processes like composting, vermicomposting, and anaerobic digestion to treat biodegradable wastes are inefficient due to the regions' extreme cold conditions. IHR specific SWM rules were revised in 2016 to deal with the rising problem of SWM, providing detailed criteria for setting up solid waste treatment facilities and promoting waste-to-energy (WtE). Despite governments' effort to revise SWM; measures like proper collection, segregation, treatment, and solid waste disposal needs more attention in the IHR. Door-to-door collection, segregation at source, covered transportation, proper treatment, and disposal are the primary steps to resource recovery across the IHR. Approaches such as waste recycling, composting, anaerobic digestion, refuse-derived fuel (RDF), and gas recovery from landfills are essential for waste alteration into valuable products initiatives like 'ban on single-use plastic' and 'polluters to pay' have a potential role in proper SWM in the IHR. Research and technology, capacity building, mass awareness programs, and initiatives like ‘ban on single-use plastic’ and ‘polluters to pay’ have a potential role in proper SWM in the IHR. This review highlights the current status of waste generation, the current SWM practices, and SWM challenges in the IHR. The review also discusses the possible resource recovery from waste in the IHR, corrective measures introduced by the government specific to IHR and, the way forward for improved SWM for achieving sustainable development of the IHR.

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Recycling of Plastic Waste into Transportation Fuels and Value‐Added Products

Pal,

Pandey

2023

Renewable Energy Innovations

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Current technologies for plastic waste treatment: A review

Cited by 301 publications

References 189 publications

Degradation of Plastics in Simulated Landfill Conditions

Degradation of Plastics in Simulated Landfill Conditions

Solid Waste Management in Indian Himalayan Region: Current Scenario, Resource Recovery, and Way Forward for Sustainable Development

Recycling of Plastic Waste into Transportation Fuels and Value‐Added Products

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