Current Concepts in Pediatric Stroke

Abstract

Stroke is a relatively rare but rather significant cause of short- and long-term morbidity and mortality in children. It can be divided into three categories: arterial ischemic stroke (AIS), hemorrhagic stroke (HS) and cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT). This review focuses on AIS. The etiologies of pediatric AIS are diverse and different from those in adult stroke, chief among these being congenital heart disease, vasculopathies, hematological disorders and prothrombotic states. Additional factors might be related to the age group, ethnicity and geographic factors. Early recognition enables initiation of prompt therapy thereby reducing risk of further recurrence and complications.

Feeding and swallowing impairment in children with stroke and unilateral cerebral palsy: a systematic review

“…Future studies focused on dysphagia, dysphagia‐related health outcomes, and caregiver burden are critical to direct development of such a tool for children with stroke. This future work is especially important with the increasing rates of stroke in children over the last decade …”

“…Stroke is becoming increasingly recognized in childhood and is among the top 10 causes of childhood mortality . Stroke in children is considerably distinct from that in adults .…”

“…Stroke is becoming increasingly recognized in childhood and is among the top 10 causes of childhood mortality . Stroke in children is considerably distinct from that in adults . For example, arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) has a more subtle clinical presentation in pediatric versus adult patients, leading to a broader differential diagnosis and, hence, delays to diagnosis .…”

Lateral Medullary Syndrome Due to Left Vertebral Artery Occlusion in a Boy Postflexion Neck Injury

“…9 Endothelial injury, tearing, and separation between vessel layers will cause exposure to collagen and in turn will activate tissue and von Willebrand factors that will lead to thrombus formation resulting in occlusion or artery-to-artery embolism. 10…”

Editorial: Advances in Neurology

“…Mahendranath Moharir and his Pediatric Stroke team from the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada review pediatric stroke [4]. The most accepted guidelines in diagnosis and management of pediatric stroke have been spearheaded by Dr. Moharir's mentor Professor Gabrielle DeVeber from the same institution.…”