Current Advances in the Utilization of Polydopamine Nanostructures in Biomedical Therapy

Abstract

Since the first time mussel‐inspired polymer polydopamine (PDA) was discovered, it has gained enormous attention from numerous scientists, especially those working in the field of drug delivery and bacterial and tumor treatment, due to its distinctive properties, such as surface chemistry, biocompatibility, capability to adhere to any surface, and excellent photothermal conversion. Studies using PDA in various types of structures for therapeutic purposes have been carried out extensively in recent years. Considering the rapid development in the area, this review aims to cover and highlight the latest achievements (from 2016 to present) with respect to PDA‐based materials for therapeutic purposes. A description of the diverse structures of PDA and its formation strategy, including colloidal particles, hollow structures, and coating films, are discussed. In addition, the main focus of this review is on the therapeutic applications of these PDA nanostructures.

Recent Development of Polydopamine Anti-Bacterial Nanomaterials

“…PDA-based photothermal nanomaterials have shown a widespread range of biomedical applications in killing bacteria [47][48][49]. PDA-based antibacterial therapy has recently been recognized as a very feasible and effective method for eradicating bacterial biofilm infections.…”

Recent Advancements in Nanosystem-Based Molecular Beacons for RNA Detection and Imaging

“…PDA is more suitable as a carrier for drug delivery due to its multidrug loading capacity and stimulation sensitivity. PDA can effectively load “cargo” such as drug molecules, dyes, and peptides through physical adsorption or chemical coupling for chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and photodynamic therapy . There are abundant functional groups on its surface such as catechol and amino groups, which can be used as a starting point for covalent modification and anchor point for loading transition metal ions.…”

Exploring near-infrared absorbing nanocarriers to overcome cancer drug resistance

“…Due to their high photothermal conversion efficiency, polydopamine (PDA) and other polymers have been used as photothermal agents [ 91 ] . Polydopamine stands out because of its unique chemical properties, adherence to numerous surfaces, biocompatibility, high photoconversion rate, and ability to co-deliver multiple drugs [ 224 , 225 ] . Given their notable intrinsic PTT capability, a range of polydopamine-based structures (colloidal, hollow, and composite particles) have been assessed as NIR-responsive theranostic tools [ 225 ] .…”