“…The decrease in surface area and pore diameter in CuI/HTNT‐5 when compared with the support HTNT could be attributed to the deposition of CuI on the surface and pores of the HTNT. The decrease of surface area was in agreement with observed structural transformations (Figure ) and previous data –…”
CuI catalysts supported on protonated trititanate nanotubes (CuI/HTNT) were prepared and used as catalysts for the synthesis of propargylamines via A 3 (aldehyde, amine and acetylene) coupling under solvent-free conditions. The results revealed that the CuI/HTNT with 5wt% CuI had the best catalytic activity.T he protocol provides access to aw ide range of propargylamines in excellent yields (up to 98 %). The prepared catalysts were characterized by TEM, XRD, N 2adsorption desorption, EDS andI CP-MS analysis. The catalyst can be recovered by centrifugation and reused in further catalytic reactions, its activity remaining largely unchanged for five successive runs.[a] B.
“…The decrease in surface area and pore diameter in CuI/HTNT‐5 when compared with the support HTNT could be attributed to the deposition of CuI on the surface and pores of the HTNT. The decrease of surface area was in agreement with observed structural transformations (Figure ) and previous data –…”
CuI catalysts supported on protonated trititanate nanotubes (CuI/HTNT) were prepared and used as catalysts for the synthesis of propargylamines via A 3 (aldehyde, amine and acetylene) coupling under solvent-free conditions. The results revealed that the CuI/HTNT with 5wt% CuI had the best catalytic activity.T he protocol provides access to aw ide range of propargylamines in excellent yields (up to 98 %). The prepared catalysts were characterized by TEM, XRD, N 2adsorption desorption, EDS andI CP-MS analysis. The catalyst can be recovered by centrifugation and reused in further catalytic reactions, its activity remaining largely unchanged for five successive runs.[a] B.
“…7 : (1) The band gap of Cu 2 O determined by UV–Vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (Fig. S3b) is 1.75 eV, which could enhance visible light absorption below 708 nm, generating more electron–hole pairs; (2) the matching energy band structure facilitated the separation of electron–hole pairs of heterojunction [ 15 , 29 , 62 ]; (3) rGO facilitated the dispersion of nanocrystals, transfer and shuttle of photo-generated electron in metal oxide particles [ 63 ]. Figure 7 Illustration of transfer of photo-generated electron–hole pairs excited by solar light.…”
A novel dot-like Cu2O-loaded TiO2/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanoheterojunction was synthesized via UV light reduction for the first time. Cu2O with size of ca. 5 nm was deposited on rGO sheet and TiO2 nanosheets. The products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectrum, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra, XPS techniques, photoluminescence spectra. The results demonstrated that Cu2O and rGO enhanced the absorption for solar light, separation efficiency of electron–hole pairs, charge shuttle and transfer, and eventually improved photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic performance for contaminants degradation. The reaction time and anion precursor could affect the final copper-containing phase. As extending UV irradiation time, Cu2+ was be first reduced to Cu2O and then transformed to metal Cu. In comparison with CH3COO− (copper acetate), NO3
− (copper nitrate) and Cl− (copper chloride), SO4
2− (copper sulfate) was the optimum for synthesizing pure Cu2O phase.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10853-017-0911-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
“…As noble metals are expensive, there are many research studies and publications focused on their substitution, testing other transition metals, such as Cu, Co [248], Ni [249], Fe, etc. One of the most studied is Cu 2 O, forming nanoparticles deposited on TiO 2 [237,250], or TiO 2 nanorods with Cu 2 O [251]. W. T. Chen et al compared 0.5 wt% Ni with 2 wt% Au supported on P25.…”
Once a biorefinery is ready to operate, the main processed materials need to be completely evaluated in terms of many different factors, including disposal regulations, technological limitations of installation, the market, and other societal considerations. In biorefinery, glycerol is the main by-product, representing around 10% of biodiesel production. In the last few decades, the large-scale production of biodiesel and glycerol has promoted research on a wide range of strategies in an attempt to valorize this by-product, with its transformation into added value chemicals being the strategy that exhibits the most promising route. Among them, C3 compounds obtained from routes such as hydrogenation, oxidation, esterification, etc. represent an alternative to petroleum-based routes for chemicals such as acrolein, propanediols, or carboxylic acids of interest for the polymer industry. Another widely studied and developed strategy includes processes such as reforming or pyrolysis for energy, clean fuels, and materials such as activated carbon. This review covers recent advances in catalysts used in the most promising strategies considering both chemicals and energy or fuel obtention. Due to the large variety in biorefinery industries, several potential emergent valorization routes are briefly summarized.
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