CT/MRI‐Guided Synergistic Radiotherapy and X‐ray Inducible Photodynamic Therapy Using Tb‐Doped Gd‐W‐Nanoscintillators

Yu, Xujiang; Liu, Xinyi; Wu, Weijie; Yang, Kai; Mao, Rihua; Ahmad, Farooq; Chen, Xiaoyuan; Li, Wanwan

doi:10.1002/anie.201812272

Cited by 85 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…And X‐ray has been widely applied in organic PSs‐mediated PDT by employing the nanomaterials with unique optical characteristics to attenuate X‐ray into UV‐Vis light such as scintillator nanomaterials (SCNPs). [ 30,219–221 ] A typical work by Chen et al. reported the SCNPs‐mediated nanosystem that is able to realize X‐ray‐induced PDT.…”

Section: Ros‐associated Nanomedicines For Disease Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Oxygen Species‐Regulating Strategies Based on Nanomaterials for Disease Treatment

et al. 2020

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in physiological and pathological processes. Studies on the regulation of ROS for disease treatments have caused wide concern, mainly involving the topics in ROS‐regulating therapy such as antioxidant therapy triggered by ROS scavengers and ROS‐induced toxic therapy mediated by ROS‐elevation agents. Benefiting from the remarkable advances of nanotechnology, a large number of nanomaterials with the ROS‐regulating ability are developed to seek new and effective ROS‐related nanotherapeutic modalities or nanomedicines. Although considerable achievements have been made in ROS‐based nanomedicines for disease treatments, some fundamental but key questions such as the rational design principle for ROS‐related nanomaterials are held in low regard. Here, the design principle can serve as the initial framework for scientists and technicians to design and optimize the ROS‐regulating nanomedicines, thereby minimizing the gap of nanomedicines for biomedical application during the design stage. Herein, an overview of the current progress of ROS‐associated nanomedicines in disease treatments is summarized. And then, by particularly addressing these known strategies in ROS‐associated therapy, several fundamental and key principles for the design of ROS‐associated nanomedicines are presented. Finally, future perspectives are also discussed in depth for the development of ROS‐associated nanomedicines.

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Section: Ros‐associated Nanomedicines For Disease Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Oxygen Species‐Regulating Strategies Based on Nanomaterials for Disease Treatment

et al. 2020

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“…[312][313][314][315] 6.2.1. PLGA Polymer NP PLGA NPs are widely used for drug delivery, bioimaging, and diagnostics [300,316,317] diagnostics. PLGA can encapsulate hydrophobic drugs and the NPs are themselves hydrophilic, which facilitates biodistribution.…”

Section: Organic Nanoparticles Integrated With Photosensitizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms for Tuning Engineered Nanomaterials to Enhance Radiation Therapy of Cancer

et al. 2020

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Engineered nanomaterials that produce reactive oxygen species on exposure to X‐ and gamma‐rays used in radiation therapy offer promise of novel cancer treatment strategies. Similar to photodynamic therapy but suitable for large and deep tumors, this new approach where nanomaterials acting as sensitizing agents are combined with clinical radiation can be effective at well‐tolerated low radiation doses. Suitably engineered nanomaterials can enhance cancer radiotherapy by increasing the tumor selectivity and decreasing side effects. Additionally, the nanomaterial platform offers therapeutically valuable functionalities, including molecular targeting, drug/gene delivery, and adaptive responses to trigger drug release. The potential of such nanomaterials to be combined with radiotherapy is widely recognized. In order for further breakthroughs to be made, and to facilitate clinical translation, the applicable principles and fundamentals should be articulated. This review focuses on mechanisms underpinning rational nanomaterial design to enhance radiation therapy, the understanding of which will enable novel ways to optimize its therapeutic efficacy. A roadmap for designing nanomaterials with optimized anticancer performance is also shown and the potential clinical significance and future translation are discussed.

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“…Recent proofof-concept studies using nanoscintillator-photosensitizer conjugates demonstrated that this combinatory approach has a strong therapeutic potential in vitro and in vivo. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Biomedical applications of nanoscintillators are currently mostly centered on this concept of radioluminescence-induced PDT. However, factors by which nanoscintillators can augment radiotherapy outcomes also include a potential synergism with radiotherapy [25] and the use of nanoscintillators that emit UV-C photons to expand the amount and types of DNA damage induced during radiotherapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Dose‐Enhancement Is a Potent Radiotherapeutic Effect of Rare‐Earth Composite Nanoscintillators in Preclinical Models of Glioblastoma

et al. 2020

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To improve the prognosis of glioblastoma, innovative radiotherapy regimens are required to augment the effect of tolerable radiation doses while sparing surrounding tissues. In this context, nanoscintillators are emerging radiotherapeutics that down-convert X-rays into photons with energies ranging from UV to near-infrared. During radiotherapy, these scintillating properties amplify radiation-induced damage by UV-C emission or photodynamic effects. Additionally, nanoscintillators that contain high-Z elements are likely to induce another, currently unexplored effect: radiation dose-enhancement. This phenomenon stems from a higher photoelectric absorption of orthovoltage X-rays by high-Z elements compared to tissues, resulting in increased production of tissue-damaging photo-and Auger electrons. In this study, Geant4 simulations reveal that rare-earth composite LaF 3 :Ce nanoscintillators effectively generate photo-and Auger-electrons upon orthovoltage X-rays. 3D spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence microtomography shows that LaF 3 :Ce highly concentrates in microtumors and enhances radiotherapy in an X-ray energy-dependent manner. In an aggressive syngeneic model of orthotopic glioblastoma, intracerebral injection of LaF 3 :Ce is well tolerated and achieves complete tumor remission in 15% of the subjects receiving monochromatic synchrotron radiotherapy. This study provides unequivocal evidence for radiation dose-enhancement by nanoscintillators, eliciting a prominent radiotherapeutic effect. Altogether, nanoscintillators have invaluable properties for enhancing the focal damage of radiotherapy in glioblastoma and other radioresistant cancers.

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CT/MRI‐Guided Synergistic Radiotherapy and X‐ray Inducible Photodynamic Therapy Using Tb‐Doped Gd‐W‐Nanoscintillators

Cited by 85 publications

References 62 publications

Reactive Oxygen Species‐Regulating Strategies Based on Nanomaterials for Disease Treatment

Reactive Oxygen Species‐Regulating Strategies Based on Nanomaterials for Disease Treatment

Mechanisms for Tuning Engineered Nanomaterials to Enhance Radiation Therapy of Cancer

Radiation Dose‐Enhancement Is a Potent Radiotherapeutic Effect of Rare‐Earth Composite Nanoscintillators in Preclinical Models of Glioblastoma

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