2001
DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(01)00097-7
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Abstract: Many drugs exist in the crystalline solid state due to reasons of stability and ease of handling during the various stages of drug development. Crystalline solids can exist in the form of polymorphs, solvates or hydrates. Phase transitions such as polymorph interconversion, desolvation of solvate, formation of hydrate and conversion of crystalline to amorphous form may occur during various pharmaceutical processes, which may alter the dissolution rate and transport characteristics of the drug. Hence it is desi… Show more

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Cited by 619 publications
(462 citation statements)
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“…[4][5][6] However, amorphous APIs are usually less stable than their crystalline counterparts. The occurrence of polymorphism in crystalline pharmaceuticals and its impact on physicochemical properties is well documented, [7][8][9][10] but it is also known that amorphous materials can have different physicochemical properties, depending on previous thermal history, time of storage and preparation method. 11-15 Amorphous materials can exist in different kinetic states, and the term pseudopolyamorphism or relaxation polyamorphism has been used to describe this phenomenon.…”
Section: Valsartan (Valmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[4][5][6] However, amorphous APIs are usually less stable than their crystalline counterparts. The occurrence of polymorphism in crystalline pharmaceuticals and its impact on physicochemical properties is well documented, [7][8][9][10] but it is also known that amorphous materials can have different physicochemical properties, depending on previous thermal history, time of storage and preparation method. 11-15 Amorphous materials can exist in different kinetic states, and the term pseudopolyamorphism or relaxation polyamorphism has been used to describe this phenomenon.…”
Section: Valsartan (Valmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2 Solvate formation has many implications in the pharmaceutical industry, because it affects the physico-chemical properties of materials, such as their density, melting point and dissolution rate, which in turn can influence their manufacturability and pharmacokinetic properties. 3 The unexpected formation of solvates can thus lead to unpredictable behavior of the drug.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The differences in crystal structure allow, due to differences in energy states, for differences in physicochemical characteristics, notably in solubility (the lowest energy state polymorph being generally characterized by the lowest solubility). Polymorphs are classified, based on their differences in thermodynamic properties and their ability to transform reversibly one to another, as enantiotropes or monotropes; a reversible transformation between polymorphs being possible at a definite transition temperature below the melting point in the first case 9 .…”
Section: Crystalline State -Polymorphismmentioning
confidence: 99%