Cryptorchestia ruffoi sp. n. from the island of Rhodes (Greece), revealed by morphological and phylogenetic analysis (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae)

Abstract

A new Cryptorchestia species, Cryptorchestia ruffoi Latella & Vonk, sp. n. from the island of Rhodes in south-eastern Greece, can be distinguished on the basis of morphological and phylogenetic data. Morphological analysis and DNA sequencing of mitochondrial and nuclear protein-coding genes indicated that this species is related to Cryptorchestia cavimana (Cyprus) and Cryptorchestia garbinii (Mediterranean regions, with a recent northward expansion). Results supported a genetic separation between the Cryptorchestia species of the east Mediterranean regions and those of the northeast Atlantic volcanic islands examined in this study (Cryptorchestia canariensis, Cryptorchestia gomeri, Cryptorchestia guancha, and Cryptorchestia stocki from the Canary islands, Cryptorchestia monticola from Madeira, and Cryptorchestia chevreuxi from the Azores). The Mediterranean and Atlantic Cryptorchestia species appear to be also morphologically distinct. Cryptorchestia ruffoi sp. n., Cryptorchestia cavimana, Cryptorchestia garbinii, and Cryptorchestia kosswigi (Turkish coast) clearly have a small lobe on the male gnathopod 1 merus. This character was the main diagnostic difference between Cryptorchestia (sensu Lowry, 2013) and Orchestia. However, among the six northeast Atlantic island Cryptorchestia species only Cryptorchestia stocki has a small lobe on the merus of gnathopod 1. Reduction or loss of the lobe in the Atlantic Island species cannot be ruled out; however, molecular phylogenetic analysis leads us to presume that this lobe independently evolved between the east Mediterranean Cryptorchestia species and Cryptorchestia stocki from Gran Canaria.

On the molecular and morphological evolution of continental and insular Cryptorchestia species, with an additional description of C. garbinii (Talitridae)

“…A PCR product of ca. 400 base pairs (bp) was amplified from the gene encoding the mt COI (Davolos et al 2017). The PCR-mediated reaction was performed using the primers BI-COI and SUBIR cited in Davolos and Maclean (2005).…”

“…The PCR-mediated reaction was performed using the primers BI-COI and SUBIR cited in Davolos and Maclean (2005). The PCR amplification conditions were cited in Davolos et al (2017). The amplified fragments were checked by electrophoresis in 1% agarose gels and then used as templates for cycle sequencing reactions (BigDye chemistry) followed by DNA sequencing using BI-COI and SUBIR primers.…”

“…Up to this date, Cryptorchestia contains eleven species (Horton et al 2018) and is mainly distributed over several North East Atlantic islands (Azores, Canary Islands, Madeira), Europe, and over the Eastern Mediterranean, including the islands of Rhodes and Cyprus (Davolos et al 2017). …”

“…Before 2013 they had been reported as Orchestiacavimana Heller, 1865 and after that as Cryptorchestiacavimana (Heller, 1865), without considering that Cryptorchestiacavimana is endemic to Cyprus (Ruffo et al 2014, Davolos et al 2017). Özbek et al (2004) listed the Malacostraca species of the Iznik and Uluabat lakes and recorded O.cavimana (here identified as C.garbinii Ruffo, Tarocco and Latella, 2014) from those lakes.…”

Identificación molecular y distribución potencial del anfípodo terrestre <i>Talitroides topitotum</i> (Crustacea:Amphipoda:Talitridae) en Costa Rica

“…La información molecular obtenida del anfípodo T. topitotum para las regiones mtCOI y 16S ADNr indica un posicionamiento taxonómico dentro del grupo de los talítridos terrestres, determinando su identificación por métodos moleculares, agrupando las secuencias genéticas de este estudio (para la región citocromo oxidasa I) con la única secuencia reportada en la base de datos genéticos Genbank (AB741766, 97 % de identidad) para Talitroides topitotum. Estudios en taxonomía y filogenética de anfípodos talítridos mediante análisis del gen mitocondrial COI, han facilitado el reconocimiento de unidades taxonómicas operacionales derivadas de datos moleculares, además de la agrupación filogenética de especímenes recientemente reportados para una localización específica (Wildish et al, 2016, Davolos et al, 2017. Por otro lado, la incorporación de secuencias genéticas de regiones mitocondriales del anfípodo terrestre nativo Cerrorchestia hyloraina dentro de la topología molecular de localización taxonómica de T. topitotum, permite reforzar el hallazgo de dos anfípodos con características diagnósticas (Lindeman, 1991; AlfaroMontoya y Umaña-Castro, 2013) y ocurrencia-distribución diferentes en Costa Rica, confirmando la presencia de dos taxones evolutivamente diferentes de talítridos terrestres.…”