Croton argenteus preparation inhibits initial growth, mitochondrial respiration and increase the oxidative stress from Senna occidentalis seedlings

Abstract

Senna ocidentalis is a weed, native to Brazil, considered to infest crops and plantations, and is responsible for yield losses of several crops, particularly soybean. The aim of this work was to evaluate if the Croton argenteus extract and fractions possess phytotoxic activity on S. ocidentalis. The crude ethanolic extract (CEE) and its hexanic (HF), chloroformic (CLF) and ethyl acetate (EAF) fractions were tested in germination, growth, oxidative stress increase, Adenosine triphosphate, L-malate and succinate synthesis. The crude extract and its fractions slowed down the germination of S. ocidentalis and decreased the final percentage of germination. Oxidative stress was also increased in the seedlings, by an increase of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and lipid peroxidation; and it became clear that the ethyl acetate fraction was more phytotoxic. The results indicate that the crude extract and fractions of C. argenteus compromise the mitochondrial energy metabolism, by the inhibition of mitochondrial ATP production, with a decrease in the production of L-malate and succinate. The ethyl acetate fraction of C. argenteus showed high activity on germination and growth, and these effects take place by means of mitochondrial metabolism alterations and increase the oxidative stress, leading the seedling death.

Can Allelopathic Grasses Limit Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Mutambo? A Test with Two Species of Brachiaria Grasses

“…Both Urochloa species inhibited G. ulmifolia germination (Table 1). In the field, seed germination prevention due to toxic chemical substances may result in decrease of individuals density which, in medium and long term, can lead to local extinction of this species, with implications for local biodiversity (Callaway et al, 2005;Rech et al, 2015). Thus, the reintroduction of G. ulmifolia using direct seeding in pasture areas, besides considering the amount of seed to be used according to their germination potential (the seeds used in this study were 60%), must additionally predict additional reduction in germination due to the allelopathic effect offered by grasses.…”

Phytotoxic potential of Senna occidentalis (L.) Link extracts on seed germination and oxidative stress of Ipê seedlings

“…Senna occidentalis ( Leguminosae ) is an herbaceous plant commonly known as ‘fedegoso’ which is widespread in pastures and degraded areas of tropical and subtropical regions (Rech et al . ). It is invasive in soy, sorghum and corn crops and toxic for cattle, pigs and horses (Barth et al .…”

Phytotoxic Analysis of Extract of Leaves of Solanum megalochiton Mart. Solanaceae on Lactuca sativa L. and Allium cepa L.

“…Assay was concluded when germination failed to occur in three consecutive days. GVI was calculated for each replication according to number of germinated seeds, divided by the number of germination days, till the last day of germination (Macias et al, 2000;Hoffmann et al, 2007;Lima et al, 2011;RECH et al, 2015).…”