Crossover assessment of cardiolocomotor synchronization during running

Cerqueira, Lucenildo Silva; Netto, Aluizio d’Affonsêca; Mello, Raquel Rodrigues Costa; Nadal, Jurandir

doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3513-9

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…To force entrainment, a participant can be guided to run at a rate close to their heart rate. To this end, previous studies have used either a fixed cadence for all participants [10] or adaptivepaced metronome determined by instantaneous heart rate [11] to guide step rate and instigate 1:1 phase-locking. However, the former does not provide the bespoke rate required for an individual to perform "naturally", and the latter does not fix the rate of one oscillatorit would be difficult to quantify entrainment, as both signals fluctuate instantaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the former does not provide the bespoke rate required for an individual to perform "naturally", and the latter does not fix the rate of one oscillatorit would be difficult to quantify entrainment, as both signals fluctuate instantaneously. These methods [10,11] produce artificial conditions rather than measuring natural running style. Again, CLS may be mechanical or neurological in origin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancement of Synchronization between Physiological Signals during Exercise: A Preliminary Investigation

Perry

Khovanova

Khovanov

2020

2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &Amp; Biology Society (EMBC)

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Duringrunning, interactions were considered between three physiological oscillatorsthe heart, breaths, and steps. During intense exercise, the oscillations of all three systems are close to regular, producing good conditions to observe and characterise synchronization. The origin, as well as any physiological significance, of synchronization between these systems during running is not fully accepted or understood. Furthermore, the impact on synchronization of controlling both breathing and step rate has not been previously reported in detail. This study aims to measure cardiolocomotor, cardiorespiratory and respiratorylocomotor synchronization during different running protocols. Breathing was controlled by taking a fixed number of steps per breath (ratios of 5:1 and 3:1).Step rate was then guided at rates close to active heart rate, to instigate 1:1 phase-locking. Instantaneous phase difference quantified synchronization episodes. We have successfully observed all three forms of synchronization during all running protocols. Furthermore, coupling between heartbeats and steps was more pronounced when step rate was guided, and both cardiorespiratory and respiratory-locomotor coupling were extended when breathing rate was fixed to steps. These are exciting initial results from a novel experimental design, highlighting the complex interconnection that exists between these three systems during running, and the conditions to best observe the phenomena.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Synchronization between Physiological Signals during Exercise: A Preliminary Investigation

Perry

Khovanova

Khovanov

2020

2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &Amp; Biology Society (EMBC)

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The Entrainment Frequency of Cardiolocomotor Synchronization in Long-Distance Race Emerges Spontaneously at the Step Frequency

et al. 2021

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In forced conditions, where the heart rate and step frequency have been matched, cardiolocomotor synchronization (CLS) has been recognized. However, knowledge about the occurrence of CLS and its triggers in sports gesture in real contexts is little known. To address this gap, the current study tested the hypothesis that CLS in running spontaneous conditions would emerge at entrainment bands of muscle activation frequencies associated with a freely chosen step frequency. Sixteen male long-distance runners undertook treadmill assessments running ten three-minute bouts at different speeds (7, 7.5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 km⋅h–1). Electrocardiography and surface electromyography were recorded simultaneously. The center frequency was the mean of the frequency spectrum obtained by wavelet decomposition, while CLS magnitude was determined by the wavelet coherence coefficient (WCC) between the electrocardiography and center frequency signals. The strength of CLS affected the entrainment frequencies between cardiac and muscle systems, and for WCC values greater than 0.8, the point from which we consider the emerging CLS, the entrainment frequency was between 2.7 and 2.8 Hz. The CLS emerged at faster speeds (13–15 km⋅h–1) most prevalently but did not affect the muscle activation bands. Spontaneous CLS occurred at faster speeds predominantly, and the entrainment frequencies matched the locomotor task, with the entrainment bands of frequencies emerging around the step frequencies (2.7–2.8 Hz). These findings are compatible with the concept that interventions that determine optima conditions of CLS may potentiate the benefits of the cardiac and muscle systems synchronized in distance runners.

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Crossover assessment of cardiolocomotor synchronization during running

Abstract: Synchrogram and iCP tools currently employed for measuring CLC are not appropriate because they indicate the occurrence of this phenomenon even among subjects who ran on different days and times of each other.

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Enhancement of Synchronization between Physiological Signals during Exercise: A Preliminary Investigation

Enhancement of Synchronization between Physiological Signals during Exercise: A Preliminary Investigation

The Entrainment Frequency of Cardiolocomotor Synchronization in Long-Distance Race Emerges Spontaneously at the Step Frequency

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