Crop-weed interference as influenced by a leguminous or synthetic fertilizer nitrogen source: II. Rotation experiments with crimson clover, field corn, and lambsquarters

Dyck, Elizabeth; Liebman, Matt

doi:10.1016/0167-8809(95)00644-3

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Green manure approaches may also drive long‐term increases of soil organic matter and microbial biomass (Goyal et al, 1992, 1999; Chander et al, 1997; Biederbeck et al, 1998), further improving nutrient retention and N‐uptake efficiency. When used in place of fallow, well‐chosen GM may reduce erosion (Dapaah and Vyn, 1998), reduce nutrient or pesticide losses (Delgado et al, 2001; Gaston et al, 2003), and suppress weeds (Phatak et al, 1987; Dyck and Liebman, 1995; Burgos and Talbert, 1996) and specific crop pests (Bugg et al, 1990; Caswell et al, 1991). Green manures may also offer habitat or resources for beneficial organisms (Bugg et al, 1991; Nicholls and Altieri, 2001).…”

Section: Review Of Green Manure Studies: Tropical Legumes and Nonlegumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small‐seeded weeds may be particularly susceptible to growth‐reducing stresses (Davis and Liebman, 2001). Allelopathic chemicals and delayed release of N from decomposing GM may thus reduce small‐seeded weed growth more than that of large‐seeded crops, providing such crops with a critical early season advantage (Dyck et al, 1995; Petersen et al, 2001).…”

Section: Pest Control With Green Manuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green Manure Approaches to Crop Production: A Synthesis

2006

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A green manure (GM) is a crop used primarily as a soil amendment and a nutrient source for subsequent crops. Green manure approaches to crop production may improve economic viability, while reducing the environmental impacts of agriculture. However, such approaches are complex because they depend on interactions between the GM, the environment, and management. We suggest that the research and management techniques developed for synthetic inputs are not adequate for effective GM use. This review provides a conceptual framework to more critically evaluate GM use, and we discuss a limited number of key examples involving GM adaptation and growth, effects on soil organic matter, N release and availability for future crops, and pest control. We explore the deficiencies in our current understanding of GM approaches and argue that economic justification of GM requires provision of multiple services (such as nutrient supply, pest and weed control, and increase of soil organic matter). We propose that future research efforts make improved use of whole systems and participatory strategies to better address both the complexity of GMbased cropping systems and the obstacles preventing farmer adoption of GM approaches.

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Section: Review Of Green Manure Studies: Tropical Legumes and Nonlegumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pest Control With Green Manuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Manure Approaches to Crop Production: A Synthesis

2006

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“…These plants are often tilled into the soil so that a transfer of nutrients occurs from the decomposing residues to the succeeding crop (Ruffo and Bollero, 2003). Grass cover crops, on the other hand, are often used to improve soil organic matter content (Biederbeck et al, 1998), sequester unused soil nutrients, and to provide weed control (Dyck and Liebman, 1995). When used in a rotation, cover crops may be allowed to develop through an entire season, essentially being left unmanaged before preparations of the soil for the next crop in the cycle, perhaps a year later.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black oat cover crop management effects on soil temperature and biological properties on a Mollisol in Texas, USA

Zibilske

Makus

2009

Geoderma

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“…We filter-sterilized extracts through a 0.22-μ filter prior to addition to mesocosms. Because 2 % red clover was sufficient to elicit a germination response in mustard seeds (Liebman and Sundberg 2006b) and was similar to field incorporation rates of red clover (Dyck and Liebman 1995), we added 2 % (by weight) fresh red clover residues, or the equivalent amount of potentially bioactive compounds, to each mesocosm. Each mesocosm contained 110 g of soil.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between allelochemicals and the microbial community affect weed suppression following cover crop residue incorporation into soil

Lou

Davis²,

Yannarell

2015

Plant Soil

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Background and aims The objective of this study is to understand how soil microorganisms interact with cover crop-derived allelochemicals to suppress weed germination and growth following cover crop residue incorporation. Methods We conducted a time series experiment crossing sterilized and non-sterilized soil with four different residue treatments. We measured weed seed germination rates, radicle elongation, and disease incidence in seed germination bioassays. We also monitored cover crop-derived, isoflavone allelochemicals in these bioassays. We partitioned the total weed suppression into three sources: microbe-only inhibition, residue-only inhibition, and the microbe-residue interaction. Results Microbial activity suppressed weed germination and growth for 30 days, while cover crop-derived allelochemicals provided suppression for a limited time. There was an antagonistic interaction between microbes and allelochemicals. This interaction was strongest for water-soluble allelochemicals, while residue fractions containing intact plant tissues retained greater suppressiveness even in the presence of a live microbial community. Conclusions Microbial activity can directly suppress weed germination and growth, but microorganisms also indirectly help weeds by degrading cover crop-derived allelochemicals. As a result of these interactions, cover crop-derived weed suppression in agricultural soils shifts from an early allelochemical-dominated phase to a later phase where microbial suppression is more important.

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Crop-weed interference as influenced by a leguminous or synthetic fertilizer nitrogen source: II. Rotation experiments with crimson clover, field corn, and lambsquarters

Cited by 29 publications

References 12 publications

Green Manure Approaches to Crop Production: A Synthesis

Green Manure Approaches to Crop Production: A Synthesis

Black oat cover crop management effects on soil temperature and biological properties on a Mollisol in Texas, USA

Interactions between allelochemicals and the microbial community affect weed suppression following cover crop residue incorporation into soil

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