Crop performance, nitrogen and water use in flooded and aerobic rice

Belder, P.; Bouman, B.A.M.; Spiertz, J.H.J.; Peng, Shaobing; Castaneda, A.R.; Visperas, R. M.

doi:10.1007/s11104-004-7401-4

Cited by 165 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Irrigated "aerobic rice" is a new system being developed for low land areas with water shortage and for favourable upland areas with access to supplementary irrigation (Tuong et al, 2003 andBelder et al, 2005). However, aerobic systems are subject to much higher weed pressure than conventional puddled transplanting systems (Rao et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of integrated weed management practices on performance of dry direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)

et al. 2013

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Weeds are serious problem in dry direct seeded rice (DDSR). A field experiment was conducted during rainy seasons of 2010 and 2011 at research farm of the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS) Parwanipur, to study the effect of integrated weed management practices on the performance of dry direct seeded rice. Ten treatment combinations viz; weedy, weed free (weekly), Pendimethalin fb (followed by) Bispyribac, Pendimethalin fb two hand weeding, Stale seedbed fb Bispyribac, Stale seedbed fb Pendimethalin fb Bispyribac, Mulch 4 t/ha fb Bispyribac fb one hand weeding, Stale seedbed fb mulch 4 t/ha fb Bispyribac, Pendimethalin and Sesbania co-culture fb 2,4-D Na salt fb one hand weeding and Pendimethalin fb 2,4-D fb one hand weeding were tested in a randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. Observations were taken on weed, plant growth and yield attributes, yield, and socio-economic parameters. All weed control treatments significantly reduced the weed density and dry weight of weed resulting significant increase in yield of DSR over weedy check in both years. Weed free treatment resulted the highest yield, however, it was not economical due to high cost of cultivation. The use of Pendimethalin fb 2,4-D fb one hand weeding produced yield (5161 in 2010 and 6160 kg/ha in 2011) which were statistically at par with yield (5305 in 2010 and 6319 kg/ha in 2011) obtained under the weed free treatment. Further, the highest benefit cost ratio (CBR) 1.77 and 2.22 and net return Rs 47700 and 75084/ha during 2010 and 2011, respectively, were obtained under this treatment indicating its superiority over other treatments. The grain yield, yield attributing characters viz. panicles per m 2 , panicle weight, filled grain per panicle, thousand grain weight as influenced by different weed management practices revealed that higher yield resulted from weed free plot followed by Pendimethalin followed by two hand weeding and Pendimethalin followed by 2,4-D followed by one hand weeding. However, the net return per unit investment resulted highest in Pendimethalin followed by 2,4-D followed by one hand weeding. This proved that amid increasing wage rate and labor scarcity integrated weed management through Pendimethalin 30 EC (stomp) @ 1 kg a. i./ha as pre-emergence herbicide application followed by 2,4-D sodium salt 80 WP @ 0.5 kg a.i./ha followed by one hand weeding or stale seed bed followed by Pendimethalin 30 EC (stomp) @ 1 kg a. i./ha followed by Bispyribac (nominee gold) @ 25 g a. i./ha 10 % @ 200 ml/ha at 20 days of seeding resulted best alternative for manual hand weeding practices giving higher net return per unit investment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of integrated weed management practices on performance of dry direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)

et al. 2013

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“…Decreasing water resources for rice cultivation has prompted research on the development of water efficient 'aerobic rice' varieties by combining the drought-resistant characteristics of upland varieties with the high-yielding traits of lowland varieties (Belder et al 2005). Aerobic rice is a production system in which specially developed varieties are grown in well-drained, non-puddled and non-saturated soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic rice genotypes displayed greater adaptation to water-limited cultivation and tolerance to polyethyleneglycol-6000 induced stress

Sandhu

Jain

Battan

et al. 2011

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Water scarcity and drought have seriously threatened traditional rice cultivation practices in several parts of the world including India. In the present investigation, experiments were conducted to see if the water-efficient aerobic rice genotypes developed at UAS, Bangalore (MAS25, MAS26 and MAS109) and IRRI, Philippines (MASARB25 and MASARB868), are endowed with drought tolerance or not. A set of these aerobic and five lowland high-yielding (HKR47 and PAU201, Taraori Basmati, Pusa1121 and Pusa1460) indica rice genotypes were evaluated for: (i) yield and yield components under submerged and aerobic conditions in field, (ii) root morphology and biomass under aerobic conditions in pots in the nethouse, (iii) PEG-6000 (0, −1, −2 and −3 bar) induced drought stress at vegetative stage using a hydroponic culture system and (iv) polymorphism for three SSR markers associated with drought resistance traits. Under submerged conditions, the yield of aerobic rice genotypes declined by 13.4-20.1 % whereas under aerobic conditions the yield of lowland indica/Basmati rice varieties declined by 23-27 %. Under water-limited conditions in pots, aerobic rice genotypes had 54-73.8 % greater root length and 18-60 % higher fresh root biomass compared to lowland indica rice varieties. Notably, root length of MASARB25 was 35 % shorter than MAS25 whereas fresh and dry root biomass of MASARB25 was 10 % and 64 % greater than MAS25. The lowland indica were more sensitive to PEG-stress with a score of 5.9-7.6 for Basmati and 6.1-6.7 for non-aromatic indica rice varieties, than the aerobic rice genotypes (score 2.7-3.3). A set of three microsatellite DNA markers (RM212, RM302 and RM3825) located on chromosome 1 which has been shown to be associated with drought resistance was investigated in the present study. Two of these markers (RM212 and RM302) amplified a specific allele in all the aerobic rice genotypes which were absent in lowland indica rice genotypes.

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“…However, irrigation water for agriculture is becoming increasingly scarce, and it is estimated that, by 2025, 15-20 million ha of irrigated rice will suffer some degree of water scarcity (Tuong and Bouman 2003). Water shortage urges the development of water-saving technologies in rice production, such as alternate wetting and drying, non-flooded mulching cultivation, and aerobic cultivation (Bouman et al 2007a;Belder et al 2007Belder et al , 2005; Tao et al 2006;Liu et al 2005). In aerobic rice systems, especially adapted cultivars are direct seeded in non-flooded and non-puddled soil and supplementary irrigation is applied only to keep the soil moist but not saturated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop response of aerobic rice and winter wheat to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in a double cropping system

Dai

Zhang

Spiertz

et al. 2009

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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In the aerobic rice system, adapted rice cultivars are grown in non-flooded moist soil. Aerobic rice may be suitable for double cropping with winter wheat in the Huai River Basin, northern China plain. Field experiments in 2005 and 2006 were conducted to study the response of aerobic rice and winter wheat to sequential rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in aerobic ricewinter wheat (AR-WW) and winter wheat-aerobic rice (WW-AR) cropping sequences. Fertilizer treatments consisted of a complete NPK dose, a PK dose (N omission), a NK dose (P omission), a NP dose (K omission), and a control with no fertilizer input. Grain yields of crops with a complete NPK dose ranged from 3.7 to 3.8 t ha -1 and from 6.6 to 7.1 for aerobic rice' and 'winter wheat', respectively. N omissions caused yield reductions ranging from 0.5 to 0.8 t ha -1 and from 1.6 to 4.3 t ha -1 for rice and wheat, respectively. A single omission of P or K did not reduce rice and wheat yields, but a cumulative omission of P or K in a double cropping system significantly reduced wheat yields by 1.2-1.6 t ha -1 . N, P and K uptake of both crops were significantly influenced by fertilizer applications and indigenous soil nutrient supply. Nutrient omissions in a preceding crop reduced plant N and K contents and uptake additionally to direct effects of the fertilizer treatments in wheat, but not in rice. Apparent nutrient recoveries (ANR) differed strongly between 'aerobic rice' and 'winter wheat'; in rice: for N it ranged from 0.30 to 0.32, for P from 0.01 to 0.06, and for K from 0.03 to 0.19 and in wheat: for N from 0.49 to 0.71, for P from 0.09 to 0.15, and for K from 0.26 to 0.31. Further improvements of crop productivity as well as nutrient-use efficiencies, should be brought about by developing cropping systems, by an appropriate choice of adapted cultivars, by a site-and timespecific fertilizer management and by eliminating other yield-limiting factors. It is concluded that nutrient recommendations should not be based on the yield response of single crops only, but also on the after-effects on nutrient availability for succeeding crops. A whole cropping system approach is needed.

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Crop performance, nitrogen and water use in flooded and aerobic rice

Cited by 165 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of integrated weed management practices on performance of dry direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Effect of integrated weed management practices on performance of dry direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Aerobic rice genotypes displayed greater adaptation to water-limited cultivation and tolerance to polyethyleneglycol-6000 induced stress

Crop response of aerobic rice and winter wheat to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in a double cropping system

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