Critical Review of the Scienceand Options for Reducing Cadmium in Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L. ) and Other Plants

Lugon-Moulin, Nicolas; Zhang, M; Gadani, Ferruccio; Rossi, Luca; Koller, D. C.; Krauss, Marc R.; Wagner, George J.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2113(04)83003-7

Cited by 113 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 257 publications

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“…It is known that leaves of field-grown tobacco can accumulate relatively high levels of Cd, usually ranging from about 0.5 to 5 mg kg À1 DW (Lugon-Moulin et al, 2004), and the common longterm use of phosphate fertilizers for tobacco production may enhance the metal amount in the soil and, consequently, in the plant organs (Lugon-Moulin et al, 2006b). Plasma mass spectrometry analyses of leaf samples of selected cvs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The symbiosis between Nicotiana tabacum and the endomycorrhizal fungus Funneliformis mosseae increases the plant glutathione level and decreases leaf cadmium and root arsenic contents

Degola

Fattorini

Bona

et al. 2015

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

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a b s t r a c tOver time, anthropogenic activities have led to severe cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) pollution in several environments. Plants inhabiting metal(loid)-contaminated areas should be able to sequester and detoxify these toxic elements as soon as they enter roots and leaves. We postulated here that an important role in protecting plants from excessive metal(loid) accumulation and toxicity might be played by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. In fact, human exploitation of plant material derived from Cd-and As-polluted environments may lead to a noxious intake of these toxic elements; in particular, a possible source of Cd and As for humans is given by cigarette and cigar smoke. We investigated the role of AM fungus Funneliformis mosseae (T.H. Nicolson & Gerd.) C. Walker & A. Schüßler in protecting Nicotiana tabacum L. (cv. Petit Havana) from the above-mentioned metal(loid) stress. Our findings proved that the AM symbiosis is effective in increasing the plant tissue content of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH), in influencing the amount of metal(loid)-induced chelators as phytochelatins, and in reducing the Cd and As content in leaves and roots of adult tobacco plants. These results might also prove useful in improving the quality of commercial tobacco, thus reducing the risks to human health due to inhalation of toxic elements contained in smoking products.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The symbiosis between Nicotiana tabacum and the endomycorrhizal fungus Funneliformis mosseae increases the plant glutathione level and decreases leaf cadmium and root arsenic contents

Degola

Fattorini

Bona

et al. 2015

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

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“…To this end, we were interested (a) to identify the transport of the zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co) from the roots to the shoot and their further redistribution within the shoot of wheat and lupin, (b) to compare the redistribution of these four heavy metals in the different parts of the root system of these two plants, (c) to determine if there is a release from the root system into the soil and (d) if the release of heavy metals is confirmed, to determine the spatial (horizontal and vertical) redistribution of the heavy metals in the plant/soil system. We investigated a pollutant heavy metal (Cd), which is found in many contaminated soils (Sauvé et al, 2000;Lugon-Moulin et al, 2004), two essential heavy metals (Zn and Mn) and the conditionally (for N 2 fixation) required Co.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partitioning of zinc, cadmium, manganese and cobalt in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and lupin (Lupinus albus) and further release into the soil

Page

Bayon

Feller

2006

Environmental and Experimental Botany

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The uptake and redistribution of the heavy metals zinc, cadmium, manganese and cobalt are relevant for plant nutrition as well as for the quality of harvested plant products. In the experiments reported here, seedlings of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) were radiolabelled for 24 h with 65 Zn, 109 Cd, 54 Mn and 57 Co via one seminal root (wheat) or via the main root (lupin). Plants were afterwards grown on rhizoboxes containing soil. Samples were collected throughout the experiment and analysed afterwards for their radionuclide contents. A strong retention in the labelled part of the root was observed for 57 Co in wheat and lupin and for 109 Cd in lupin, while 65 Zn and 54 Mn were transported to the shoot in both plants. While 65 Zn was redistributed via the phloem from older to younger leaves, 54 Mn accumulated in the first leaves and no major redistribution within the shoot was observed.109 Cd was present in the shoot of wheat but not in the shoot of lupin. The redistribution of 65 Zn, 109 Cd, 54 Mn and 57 Co in the phloem differed between wheat and lupin. The 65 Zn content in the wheat roots appearing after the labelling phase represented 34% of the total content in the plant at the end of the experiment and less than 3% remained in the labelled root, while a high percentage of 65 Zn was retained in the originally labelled part of the main root of lupin. Smaller quantities of 109 Cd, 54 Mn and 57 Co accumulated in all parts of the root system of wheat and lupin. Nevertheless, heavy metals were found in rhizosphere soil (1-2 mm soil around the roots) and bulk soil (no contact with roots) from both plants. Higher quantities of heavy metals were found in the rhizosphere soil close to the labelled part of the root.65 Zn was present in large quantities in the rhizosphere soil close to all parts of the root system of wheat. For both plants, 65 Zn, 109 Cd, 54 Mn and 57 Co were found in the bulk soil indicating that the plant itself might play a role in the redistribution of heavy metals in the soil around its own roots. Phloem-mobile elements may be transported to growing parts of the root system and may reach deeper soil layers. The redistribution of heavy metals in the soil may be in vertical and horizontal directions, at least as far as the root system grows.

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“…Tobacco smoking is one of the main exposure routes for humans to heavy metals and particularly to Cd (Lugon-Moulin et al, 2004;Stephens et al, 2005). Stim- ulating the excretion of Cd-containing grains with a Ca supplement during tobacco growth and enforcing their removal during cigarette manufacturing could help decrease Cd poisoning.…”

Section: Health Care and Environmental Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium promotes cadmium elimination as vaterite grains by tobacco trichomes

Isaure

Sarret

Harada

et al. 2010

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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In tobacco plants, elimination of Zn and Cd via the production of Ca-containing grains at the top of leaf hairs, called trichomes, is a potent detoxification mechanism. This study examines how Cd is incorporated in these biominerals, and how calcium growth supplement modifies their nature. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDX), microfocused X-ray diffraction (l-XRD), and microfocused X-ray absorption near edge structure (l-XANES) spectroscopy were used to image the morphology of the grains, identify the crystallized mineral phases, and speciate Cd, respectively. The mineralogy of the grains and chemical form of Cd varied with the amount of Ca. When tobacco plants were grown in a nutrient solution containing 25 lM Cd and low Ca supplement (Ca/Cd = 11 mol ratio), most of the grains were oblong-shaped and low-Cd-substituted calcite. When exposed to the same amount of Cd and high Ca supplement (Ca/Cd = 131 mol ratio), grains were more abundant and diverse in compositions, and in total more Cd was eliminated. Most grains in the high Ca/Cd experiment were round-shaped and composed predominantly of Cd-substituted vaterite, a usually metastable calcium carbonate polymorph, and subordinate calcite. Calcium oxalate and a Ca amorphous phase were detected occasionally in the two treatments, but were devoid of Cd. The biomineralization of cadmium and implications of results for Cd exposure of smokers and phytoremediation are discussed.

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Critical Review of the Scienceand Options for Reducing Cadmium in Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L. ) and Other Plants

Cited by 113 publications

References 257 publications

The symbiosis between Nicotiana tabacum and the endomycorrhizal fungus Funneliformis mosseae increases the plant glutathione level and decreases leaf cadmium and root arsenic contents

The symbiosis between Nicotiana tabacum and the endomycorrhizal fungus Funneliformis mosseae increases the plant glutathione level and decreases leaf cadmium and root arsenic contents

Partitioning of zinc, cadmium, manganese and cobalt in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and lupin (Lupinus albus) and further release into the soil

Calcium promotes cadmium elimination as vaterite grains by tobacco trichomes

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