Critical flicker fusion test of potential vision

Abstract

The CFF phenomenon effectively discriminated between subjects with and without retinal/neural disease and accurately predicted visual outcome after cataract surgery. The use of a brighter stimulus enhanced performance in cases of dense media opacity.

Co-administration effects of α-lipoic acid and nucleo CMP on arousal and sensory cortical activity

“…This effect may be due to dual action of antioxidant and neurotransmission effects that revealed by lipoic acid and nucleo CMP, but nonsignificant effect on CFFF by either nucleo CMP ,lipoic acid or both may be due to small sample size , duration of therapy or drug dosage might be small also, it is nice to mention that few literature reviews mainly about nucleo CMP made us unable to do comparative results, therefore this article may be a base for future central effects of nucleo CMP. Moreover, CFFF results are affected by different factors that surely dissimilar in various experimental studies like frequency and duration of stimulating flicker ,that correlated positively with CFFF so, low frequency around 10 Hz reduce CFFF while higher frequency around 100Hz augment CFFF 27 and most of the previous studies were done on the devices which measure chromatic CFFF ,but in the present study luminated CFFF was measured , since ;chromatic CFFF is lower than luminance CFFF in both patient and normal individual due to differences in temporal informative processing capacity also; luminance CFFF mainly affected by neurodegenerative diseases but, demyelinating disease little affect chromatic CFFF but highly deteriorate with luminance CFFF 28,29,30 this is the most important factor for selection of luminance CFFF in our study. All these factors may explain the variability with other studies.…”

Co-administration effects of α-lipoic acid and nucleo CMP on arousal and sensory cortical activity

“…This effect may be due to dual action of antioxidant and neurotransmission effects that revealed by lipoic acid and nucleo CMP, but nonsignificant effect on CFFF by either nucleo CMP ,lipoic acid or both may be due to small sample size , duration of therapy or drug dosage might be small also, it is nice to mention that few literature reviews mainly about nucleo CMP made us unable to do comparative results, therefore this article may be a base for future central effects of nucleo CMP. Moreover, CFFF results are affected by different factors that surely dissimilar in various experimental studies like frequency and duration of stimulating flicker ,that correlated positively with CFFF so, low frequency around 10 Hz reduce CFFF while higher frequency around 100Hz augment CFFF 27 and most of the previous studies were done on the devices which measure chromatic CFFF ,but in the present study luminated CFFF was measured , since ;chromatic CFFF is lower than luminance CFFF in both patient and normal individual due to differences in temporal informative processing capacity also; luminance CFFF mainly affected by neurodegenerative diseases but, demyelinating disease little affect chromatic CFFF but highly deteriorate with luminance CFFF 28,29,30 this is the most important factor for selection of luminance CFFF in our study. All these factors may explain the variability with other studies.…”

Impact of cataract on critical flicker fusion frequency: A hospital based study

“…Since the critical flicker fusion frequency is not altered by the lens opacity, it can be used to assess the post operative visual outcome. [31][32][33] Low critical flicker fusion frequency values indicates the retinal status and the optic nerve status like macula degeneration, papillitis 29 because of involvement of magnocellular axonal projection are involved or optic atrophy. 25 Higher critical flicker fusion frequency value better the visual acuity.…”

Influence of contrast-reversing frequency on the amplitude and spatial distribution of visual cortex hemodynamic responses

“…The CFF may be affected by a number of physical factors such as stimulus luminance [51,52], color [52], size, retinal eccentricity [51] as well as diseases e.g. hepatic encephalopathy [53], multiple sclerosis [54] or eye diseases such as age related macular degeneration), cataract [55], glaucoma [56,57] or amblyopia [58]. For healthy humans, critical flicker fusion frequency is typically between 40 Hz and 60 Hz [51,59] -in a range of frequencies much higher than frequency stimulation used in our study (between 4 Hz and 16 Hz).…”

Co-administration effects of α-lipoic acid and nucleo CMP on arousal and sensory cortical activity

“…This effect may be due to dual action of antioxidant and neurotransmission effects that revealed by lipoic acid and nucleo CMP, but nonsignificant effect on CFFF by either nucleo CMP ,lipoic acid or both may be due to small sample size , duration of therapy or drug dosage might be small also, it is nice to mention that few literature reviews mainly about nucleo CMP made us unable to do comparative results, therefore this article may be a base for future central effects of nucleo CMP. Moreover, CFFF results are affected by different factors that surely dissimilar in various experimental studies like frequency and duration of stimulating flicker ,that correlated positively with CFFF so, low frequency around 10 Hz reduce CFFF while higher frequency around 100Hz augment CFFF 27 and most of the previous studies were done on the devices which measure chromatic CFFF ,but in the present study luminated CFFF was measured , since ;chromatic CFFF is lower than luminance CFFF in both patient and normal individual due to differences in temporal informative processing capacity also; luminance CFFF mainly affected by neurodegenerative diseases but, demyelinating disease little affect chromatic CFFF but highly deteriorate with luminance CFFF 28,29,30 this is the most important factor for selection of luminance CFFF in our study. All these factors may explain the variability with other studies.…”

Impact of cataract on critical flicker fusion frequency: A hospital based study

“…Since the critical flicker fusion frequency is not altered by the lens opacity, it can be used to assess the post operative visual outcome. [31][32][33] Low critical flicker fusion frequency values indicates the retinal status and the optic nerve status like macula degeneration, papillitis 29 because of involvement of magnocellular axonal projection are involved or optic atrophy. 25 Higher critical flicker fusion frequency value better the visual acuity.…”

Influence of contrast-reversing frequency on the amplitude and spatial distribution of visual cortex hemodynamic responses

“…The CFF may be affected by a number of physical factors such as stimulus luminance [51,52], color [52], size, retinal eccentricity [51] as well as diseases e.g. hepatic encephalopathy [53], multiple sclerosis [54] or eye diseases such as age related macular degeneration), cataract [55], glaucoma [56,57] or amblyopia [58]. For healthy humans, critical flicker fusion frequency is typically between 40 Hz and 60 Hz [51,59] -in a range of frequencies much higher than frequency stimulation used in our study (between 4 Hz and 16 Hz).…”

Co-administration effects of α-lipoic acid and nucleo CMP on arousal and sensory cortical activity

“…This effect may be due to dual action of antioxidant and neurotransmission effects that revealed by lipoic acid and nucleo CMP, but nonsignificant effect on CFFF by either nucleo CMP ,lipoic acid or both may be due to small sample size , duration of therapy or drug dosage might be small also, it is nice to mention that few literature reviews mainly about nucleo CMP made us unable to do comparative results, therefore this article may be a base for future central effects of nucleo CMP. Moreover, CFFF results are affected by different factors that surely dissimilar in various experimental studies like frequency and duration of stimulating flicker ,that correlated positively with CFFF so, low frequency around 10 Hz reduce CFFF while higher frequency around 100Hz augment CFFF 27 and most of the previous studies were done on the devices which measure chromatic CFFF ,but in the present study luminated CFFF was measured , since ;chromatic CFFF is lower than luminance CFFF in both patient and normal individual due to differences in temporal informative processing capacity also; luminance CFFF mainly affected by neurodegenerative diseases but, demyelinating disease little affect chromatic CFFF but highly deteriorate with luminance CFFF 28,29,30 this is the most important factor for selection of luminance CFFF in our study. All these factors may explain the variability with other studies.…”

Impact of cataract on critical flicker fusion frequency: A hospital based study

“…Since the critical flicker fusion frequency is not altered by the lens opacity, it can be used to assess the post operative visual outcome. [31][32][33] Low critical flicker fusion frequency values indicates the retinal status and the optic nerve status like macula degeneration, papillitis 29 because of involvement of magnocellular axonal projection are involved or optic atrophy. 25 Higher critical flicker fusion frequency value better the visual acuity.…”

Influence of contrast-reversing frequency on the amplitude and spatial distribution of visual cortex hemodynamic responses

“…The CFF may be affected by a number of physical factors such as stimulus luminance [51,52], color [52], size, retinal eccentricity [51] as well as diseases e.g. hepatic encephalopathy [53], multiple sclerosis [54] or eye diseases such as age related macular degeneration), cataract [55], glaucoma [56,57] or amblyopia [58]. For healthy humans, critical flicker fusion frequency is typically between 40 Hz and 60 Hz [51,59] -in a range of frequencies much higher than frequency stimulation used in our study (between 4 Hz and 16 Hz).…”