When interacting electrons are confined to low-dimensions, the electron-electron correlation effect is enhanced dramatically, which often drives the system into exhibiting behaviours that are otherwise highly improbable. Superconductivity with the strongest electron correlations is achieved in heavy-fermion compounds, which contain a dense lattice of localized magnetic moments interacting with a sea of conduction electrons to form a three-dimensional (3D) Kondo lattice 1 . It had remained an unanswered question whether superconductivity would persist upon effectively reducing the dimensionality of these materials from three to two. Here we report on the observation of superconductivity in such an ultimately strongly-correlated system of heavy electrons confined within a 2D square-lattice of Ce-atoms (2D Kondo lattice), which was realized by fabricating epitaxial superlattices 2,3 built of alternating layers of heavy-fermion CeCoIn 5 4 and conventional metal YbCoIn 5 . The field-temperature phase diagram of the superlattices exhibits highly unusual behaviours, including a striking enhancement of the upper critical field relative to the transition temperature. This implies that the force holding together the superconducting electron-pairs takes on an extremely strong coupled nature as a result of two-dimensionalisation. The layered heavy-fermion compound CeCoIn 5 has the highest superconducting transition temperature (T c =2.3 K) among rare-earth-based heavy-fermion materials 4 . Its electronic properties are characterized by anomalously large value of the linear contribution to the specific heat (Sommerfeld coefficient ~1 J/mol K 2 ) indicating heavy effective masses of the 4f electrons which contribute greatly to the Fermi surface. The tetragonal CeCoIn 5 crystal structure is built from alternating layers of CeIn 3 and CoIn 2 stacked along the [001] direction. This compound possesses several key features for understanding the unconventional superconductivity in strongly correlated systems [5][6][7] . The superconductivity with d x 2 -y 2 pairing symmetry 8-11 which occurs in the proximity of a magnetic instability is a manifestation of magnetic fluctuations mediated superconductivity [5][6][7]12 .A very strong coupling superconductivity, where electron-pairs are bound together by strong forces, is revealed by a large specific heat jump 4 at T c representing a steep drop of the entropy below T c , and a large superconducting energy gap needed to break the electron-pair , all indicate that the electronic, magnetic and superconducting properties are essentially 3D rather than 2D. Therefore it is still unclear to which extent the 3D nature is essential for the superconductivity of CeCoIn 5 .Recently the state-of-the-art technique has been developed to reduce the dimensionality of the heavy electrons in a controllable fashion by the layer-by-layer epitaxial growth of Ce-based materials. Previously a series of antiferromagnetic superlattices CeIn 3 /LaIn 3 have been successfully grown 2 , but it remains open whethe...