Crescimento de plantas de Bauhinia cheilanta micorrizadas em dois tipos de solo do bioma Caatinga

Abstract

RESUMOA aplicação de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) em plantas forrageiras pode contribuir para maior produção de biomassa porém seu uso deve preceder o conhecimento sobre a formação de simbiose na planta de interesse. Desta forma objetivouse, neste estudo, verificar se plantas de B. cheilantha formavam simbiose micorrízica no campo e se havia variação entre os períodos seco e chuvoso. Após a confirmação da formação de simbiose micorrízica em plantas de B. cheilantha testou-se, em casa de vegetação, o efeito da inoculação com o isolado Claroideoglomus etunicatum sobre o crescimento inicial de B. cheilantha em dois tipos de solo. Em campo, foram observados maior colonização micorrízica no período chuvoso e mais espécies do gênero Acaulospora. Verificou-se, em casa de vegetação, maior desenvolvimento de B. cheilantha micorrizadas em Neossolo quartzarênico e maior esporulação de Claroideoglomus etunicatum em Argissolo acizentado. Conclui-se que no período de maior pluviosidade a colonização micorrízica em B. cheilantha é mais intensa e seu crescimento inicial é favorecido pela micorrização em Neossolo quartzarênico.Palavras-chave: Argissolo, eficiência micorrízica, forragem, Neossolo, colonização micorrízica ABSTRACT Application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in forage plants can contribute to higher biomass production, however, its use should have previous knowledge about the symbiosis formation in target plant. In this way, this study aimed to verify if B. cheilantha plants establish mycorrhizal symbiosis in the field and if there is variation among dry and rainy periods. After the confirmation of mycorrhizal symbiosis, the effect of inoculation with C. etunicatum isolate on initial growth of B. cheilantha plants in two types of soil was tested in greenhouse. In the field, higher mycorrhizal colonization in the rainy period and more species of the genus Acaulospora were found. In the greenhouse, it was observed higher development of B. cheilantha plants mycorrhized in typic quartzipsamments soil and higher sporulation of C. etunicatum in ultisol soil. It was concluded that in the period of higher rainfall the mycorrhizal colonization in B. cheilantha plants is more intense and that initial growth of these plants is favored by mycorrhization in typic quartzipsamments.

Mycorrhizal Inoculation on the Production of Seedlings of Native Caatinga Species

“…This result was not observed by Oliveira, Teixeira-Rios et al (2015), who reported a low correlation between mycorrhizal colonization and sporulation of these same isolates in baraúna. For Nascimento et al (2014), several abiotic factors can influence NG, such as soil type, humidity, pH, and temperature; however, Violi et al (2007) emphasized that the interaction between plant species and fungal isolates are also determinants in sporulation.…”

“…(Teixeira-Rios et al, 2016), Brazilian orchid tree (pata-de-vaca) (Bauhinia forficata Link.) (Nascimento et al, 2014), among others. However, few studies have focused on the contribution of this symbiosis to the survival and development of native plants, mainly in the Caatinga biome (Maia et al, 2010).…”

“…seedlings presented an increase in height, stem diameter, N and P contents when inoculated with Gigaspora margarita, both in greenhouse and field. On the other hand, Nascimento et al (2014) showed that the soil type affected the mycorrhizal efficiency, because in Quatzarenic Neosol soil it was verified that inoculation with Claroideoglomus etunicatum (isolated UNIVASF 06) provided higher height, leaf area, fresh biomass and dry biomass of moraino plants (Bauhinia cheilantha), but these benefits were not observed in grayish Argisol. Recently, Oliveira, Teixeira-Rios et al (2015) showed an inoculation benefit with Claroideoglomus etunicatum (isolated UNIVASF 06) and Acaulospora longula (isolated UNIVASF 12) in improving the seedling production of Schinopsis brasiliensis (baraúna), even in Yellow Argisol.…”