Crenças de indivíduos com hipertensão arterial sistêmica relacionadas ao tratamento medicamentoso

Abstract

Objetivo: analisar as crenças comportamentais, normativas e de controle relacionadas ao tratamento medicamentoso para hipertensão arterial. Métodos: estudo transversal, fundamentado na Teoria do Comportamento Planejado, realizado com 28 pessoas em uso contínuo de anti-hipertensivos, em acompanhamento ambulatorial. Utilizou-se de formulário com seis perguntas abertas, aplicado por entrevistas estruturadas e individuais, gravadas em áudio e submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: entre as crenças comportamentais, o controle da pressão arterial destacou-se como principal vantagem, e os sintomas desagradáveis sobressaíram como desvantagem. Com relação às crenças normativas, os referentes sociais positivos mais citados foram os filhos. Quanto às crenças de controle, adquirir gratuitamente e esquecer do horário de tomá-los foram apontados como principais facilidade e dificuldade, respectivamente. Conclusão: a análise das crenças permitiu a elucidação daquelas que podem influenciar positiva ou negativamente o comportamento “tomar os comprimidos prescritos para o controle da hipertensão”, alvo de diferentes intervenções em serviços de saúde.

Psychosocial Determinants of the Intention to Take Oral Antihypertensive Drugs: A Cross-sectional Study

“…These findings differ from studies carried out internationally (10)(11)(12). One of the possible reasons is the use of only direct measures by the studies cited, and that, in this survey, indirect measures were included, which were built based on the beliefs of the individuals with SAH inserted in the study context (18). The comparisons in relation to the international studies are based on the incipience of national studies on the studied behavior, which hinders comparisons in similar contexts.…”

Construção e validação de recursos audiovisuais para motivar pessoas com hipertensão ao uso de anti-hipertensivos

“…The results corroborate other investigations that used content validation in the construction of care technologies to promote health in chronic diseases. 26,27 As demonstrated in a previous study, 18 the initial choice of the medical professional to illustrate the belief, both in the video and the messages, occurred because only this member of the health care team was cited as a positive reference for drug treatment. However, following and agreeing with the suggestion of most specialists, who were nurses and contributed massively to the follow-up of this clientele at different levels of health care, this image was modified.…”

“…Step 1: The TPB 3-5 assumptions recommend that, for the structuring of persuasive messages, arguments should be based on the primary beliefs that underpin the behavior of interest by the group intended to receive it. In this sense, a previous study 18 was carried out with the objective of analyze the behavioral, normative and control beliefs related to drug treatment for SAH. Twenty-eight people with SAH participated in a follow-up in a cardiology outpatient clinic.…”

“…The beliefs obtained were categorized through frequency and content analysis, selecting the salient modals (issued with a frequency equal to more than five) to compose the communication and persuasive messages, which included: Behavioral beliefs (controlling pressure, avoiding complications and death, feeling well, avoiding symptoms of illness, safety and tranquility in relation to my health, adverse/unfriendly effects, being a treatment for life); normative beliefs (children, husband (wife), physician, family); and Control beliefs (purchasing the pills free of charge, the act of taking the pills, low cost of prescribed medication, forgetting the schedule, when you have to buy). 18 Audiovisual resources to people with hypertension Almeida TCF, Sousa MM, Gouveia BLA, Oliveira SHS…”

“…1st moment -Pre-production: occurred with the construction of the textual script of communication and persuasive messages (positive and negative) by the principal researcher and the elaboration of the Storyboard, i.e., the orientation plan for the production of audiovisual elements. 20 The beliefs elicited in previous study, 18 the six principles of persuasion (reciprocity, consistency, authority, social validity, scarcity and attraction) and the characteristics of the elements that should constitute them (concise, clear and attractive sentences, images, idea of the text, suggestive vocabulary appropriate to the target audience) were considered. 6 The Storyboard was structured in Microsoft Word®, within a two-column frame, with the first column containing passages of the persuasive message elaborated and to be illustrated and the second column containing the audiovisual resources suggested to be used (colors, images, animations, texts, narration and background sounds).…”