Creatine monohydrate supplementation on lower-limb muscle power in Brazilian elite soccer players

Claudino, João Gustavo; Mezêncio, Bruno; Amaral, Sérgio Tibiriçá; Zanetti, Vinícius; Benatti, Fabiana Braga; Roschel, Hamilton; Gualano, Bruno; Amadio, Alberto Carlos; Serrão, Júlio Cerca

doi:10.1186/1550-2783-11-32

Cited by 52 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The elevated levels of muscle creatine were sustained in both cases with a maintenance dose of 2 g/day (30). Therefore, our results corroborate other findings (14,20,21,(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), i.e., low doses of creatine monohydrate supplementation, regardless of the use of saturation phase, could significantly increase maximum muscle strength and resistance to fatigue. Furthermore, no subjects in any of the groups reported any discomfort or side effects during the study period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Creatine supplementation using the standard protocol, i.e., 5 days of saturation phase followed by maintenance phase, is effective for the improvement of performance related to anaerobic power, strength, and muscular endurance (9,11,(21)(22)(23). However, conflicting data with regard to the effect of creatine supplementation without a "loading phase" and using low doses exist (15)(16)(17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Low-Dose Creatine Monohydrate on Muscle Strength and Endurance

et al. 2018

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To investigate the effect of low-dose supplementation of creatine monohydrate without the use of the saturation phase, 36 male university students engaged in resistance training (age 22.5 ± 4.3 years, height 1.76 ± 0.08 m, weight 77.0 ± 11.0 kg, and body mass index 24.6 ± 2.5 kg/m 2 ) were randomly divided into three groups: group placebo (GP), group supplemented with creatine 3 g/day (3G), and group supplemented with 5 g/day creatine (5G). The subjects were tested for maximum muscle strength (1RM), upper body muscle endurance (MPU), and abdominal muscle endurance (MSU) before and after 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days of creatine supplementation or placebo and performing standardized resistance training. After 35 days of supplementation and training, all groups showed a significant improvement in the 1RM test; however, the percentages of strength increase were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the groups supplemented with creatine (G3, ∆% 1RM = 20.0 ± 4.0; G5, ∆% 1RM = 19.9 ± 1.5) than in the placebo group (GP, ∆% 1RM = 10.3 ± 1.9). Upper limb muscle endurance showed a significant improvement only in 5G, ranging from 39.9 ± 7.9 MPU/min to 50.7 ± 11.0 MPU/min after 35 days of supplementation. Interestingly, abdominal muscle endurance showed no increase in any of the groups (GP, P > 0.528; G3, P > 0.076; G5, P > 0.148). These results support a number of earlier studies that demonstrated that creatine supplementation at low doses and without the use of the loading phase are effective for increasing maximal strength and endurance of upper limbs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Low-Dose Creatine Monohydrate on Muscle Strength and Endurance

et al. 2018

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“…Studies focused on creatine supplementation primarily report a positive correlation between creatine uptake and exercise performance [9,12,13]. Creatine supplementation has been shown to be capable of reducing decrement of lower-limb power in elite soccer players during training [14,15]. Recently studies have been conducted to assess the potential for this product to be used in delaying the onset of age-related diseases including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, chronic heart disease and chronic muscle wasting diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [7,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of an alkaline buffered creatine (Kre-Alkalyn®), on cell membrane behavior, protein synthesis, and cisplatin-mediated cellular toxicity

2015

Integr Mol Med

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Endogenous creatine is created in a stable, slightly alkaline, environment. It is reasonably efficacious in delivering ATP to its target in the body. Manufactured creatine is introduced orally into an acidic environment. A percentage is degraded in the stomach, or as a result of acidophilic bacterial exposure. In either case, a certain amount of orally ingested creatine never becomes available for ATP transport. Creatine supplementation, in and of itself, has been shown to influence endothelial permeability and cell surface reactivity to a modest degree, potentially interfering/blocking an inflammatory stimulus. In vitro endothelial cell adhesion experiments demonstrate that, as creatine concentrations increase, endothelial cell surface adhesion and permeability were both modified.Creatine does not cross the plasma membrane very well. Roughly 95% of creatine is released in close proximity to the muscle tissue and transported into the cell via a limited capacity creatine-transporter system. Recent reports have shown that an artificially created alkaline environment can influence cell membrane permeability and cell behavior. The alkalinity of soda has shown anti-proliferative effects on tumor cell lines. The ability of alkaline buffered creatine to produce micro-environmental remodeling, influence cell membrane behavior and impact cisplatin-mediated toxicity, are also examined in this paper.

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“…Numerous researchers have focused on the effects CR supplementation has on intermittent, high intensity exercise, with many reporting improved performance varied supplementation protocols [42][43][44][45]. Early research conducted by Yquel et al [46] evaluated the effects CR ingestion had on muscle power output and PCr resynthesis during recurrent bouts of maximal exercise.…”

Section: Creatine and Intermittent/recurrent High Intensity Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, there is strong evidence to suggest CR increased power output [43], repeated sprint ability [60], maximal strength [50] and FFM [11].…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Performance: A Review

Dorrell¹,

Gee²,

Middleton³

2016

Sports Nutr Ther

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Supplementary creatine, available in many different forms but most commonly monohydrate, is a legal and reportedly safe to consume nutritional ergogenic aid. After searching internationally recognised research databases, this review provides and update on the current literature on the physiological effects of creatine supplementation on performance whilst also discussing the underlying physiology regarding the synthesis and dietary provision of creatine as well as addressing issues of safety and the ethical considerations of usage. Research has shown that regular consumption of supplementary creatine can raise associated content within skeletal muscle. Subsequently, there is an extensive, and still growing, body of the literature supporting the efficacy of creatine supplementation on enhancing exercise performance, exercise tolerance, muscle strength and lean body mass. Moreover, little scientific evidence exists showing any unfavourable effects on individuals who are free from illness and disease. This review consolidates the current literature and provides application to the athletic setting which is purposeful for those choosing to either recommend or consume this nutritional ergogenic aid. At this current time, a traditional loading and maintenance supplementation protocol is advised as contemporary research studies are still to unravel the benefits of alternative approaches.

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Creatine monohydrate supplementation on lower-limb muscle power in Brazilian elite soccer players

Cited by 52 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of Low-Dose Creatine Monohydrate on Muscle Strength and Endurance

Effects of Low-Dose Creatine Monohydrate on Muscle Strength and Endurance

The effect of an alkaline buffered creatine (Kre-Alkalyn®), on cell membrane behavior, protein synthesis, and cisplatin-mediated cellular toxicity

An Update on Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Performance: A Review

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