Crack cocaine-induced supraglottitis

Zacharias, Claudia; Linnau, Ken F.; Golub, Justin S.; Meyer, Tanya K.; Hecht, Avram S.; Mannelli, Lorenzo

doi:10.1007/s10140-011-0960-9

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Imaging confirmation of brain death is usually sought to accelerate this process. A scintigraphic brain death study is noninvasive, simple to perform even in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting (portable) and reliable, making it the modality of choice to establish imaging evidence supporting the clinical diagnosis of brain death [14][15][16][17]. From a clinical standpoint, this diagnosis requires the patient to be in a deep coma, with total absence of brainstem reflexes or spontaneous respiration.…”

Section: Brain Perfusion Study For Brain Death Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear medicine and the emergency department patient: an illustrative case-based approach

et al. 2014

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Radiologists are familiar with the use of radiographs, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound in the acute clinical setting. However, there are some specific clinical scenarios which may be found in nuclear medicine imaging problem-solving tools. These clinical scenarios and imaging techniques are less frequent, and the referring clinician from the emergency department may not consider these alternatives. It is important for the radiologist to be aware of these techniques to be able to guide the clinician to use those tools, which may result in optimal patient care. In this article, we will discuss those nuclear medicine studies which have application in the setting of an emergency radiology practice.

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Section: Brain Perfusion Study For Brain Death Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear medicine and the emergency department patient: an illustrative case-based approach

et al. 2014

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Epiglottitis

Nayak¹,

Weinberg²

2015

Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases

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Not all screens are created equal: examination of surface features and other physical properties of commonly used screen materials for smoking drugs

Diak

Miskovic²,

Zurba³

et al. 2023

Harm Reduct J

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Background Brass screens are considered an essential part of the safer drug smoking/inhalation supplies and are widely distributed by harm reduction programs in Canada. However, the use of commercially available steel wools as screens for smoking crack cocaine remains a common practice among people who smoke drugs in Canada. Use of these steel wool materials is associated with different adverse effects on health. This study aims to determine what changes folding and heating have on several filter materials, including brass screens and commercially available steel wool products, and examine the implications of these changes on health of people who smoke drugs. Methods This study investigated the microscopic differences, studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy, between four screen and four steel wool filter materials used in a simulated drug consumption process. New materials were manipulated, compacted into its own Pyrex® straight stem using a push stick and then heated with a butane lighter simulating a common method in preparing drugs for consumption. The materials were studied in the as-received (new), as-pressed (compressed and inserted into the stem tube but without heating) and as-heated (compressed and inserted into the stem tube and heated with a butane lighter) conditions. Results The steel wool materials with the smallest wire thicknesses were found to be the easiest to prepare for pipe use, but degrade significantly during shaping and heating, making them wholly unsuitable as a safe filter material. In contrast the brass and stainless steel screen materials remain mostly unchanged by the simulated drug consumption process. After the stainless steel pellet screen, the Brass Impact 2.0 screen material had the best characteristics of the materials tested due to its mesh wire diameter, pitch, alloy choice and its pre-strained state. Conclusion Commonly used steel wool alternatives degrade during the handling and stem insertion, and heating the screens in the stem. Debris is generated by wool deformation on insertion and after heating that easily separates from the screen and can be inhaled during drug consumption. The brass and stainless steel screen materials are safer to use as they remain mostly stable during the simulated drug consumption process.

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Crack cocaine-induced supraglottitis

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Nuclear medicine and the emergency department patient: an illustrative case-based approach

Nuclear medicine and the emergency department patient: an illustrative case-based approach

Epiglottitis

Not all screens are created equal: examination of surface features and other physical properties of commonly used screen materials for smoking drugs

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