Coyotes (Canis latrans) are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum

Gondim, Luís Fernando Pita; McAllister, Milton M.; Pitt, William C.; Zemlicka, Doris E.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2004.01.001

Cited by 468 publications

(300 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the Neospora life cycle, dogs [3] and coyotes [4] are both intermediate and definitive hosts, and cattle and other mammals are natural intermediate hosts [1,2]. Cattle are generally infected prenatally by transplacental infection from persistently infected dams [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrauterine Neospora caninum inoculation of heifers and cows using contaminated semen with different numbers of tachyzoites

et al. 2007

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Objective: To investigate the potential of different Neospora caninum tachyzoite doses to infect heifers (experiment 1) and cows (experiment 2) when administered in utero by artificial insemination via contaminated semen. Methods: In experiment 1, five groups of 5, 7, 8, 9, and 5 cyclic heifers were hormonally synchronized and artificially inseminated with semen containing 0 (A, controls), 10 2 (B), 5 Â 10 3 (C), 5 Â 10 4 (D), and 5 Â 10 5 (E) live N. caninum NC-1 isolate-tachyzoites, respectively. Experimental infection was followed for 100 days. Parasitaemia and specific serum IgG, and interferon-gamma (IFNg) responses were studied. In experiment 2, four groups of 9, 10, 9, and 9 adult multiparous cows with confirmed infertility problems of diverse aethiology were hormonally synchronized and artificially inseminated with semen containing 0 (a, controls), 10 2 (b), 5 Â 10 3 (c), and 5 Â 10 5 (d) live N. caninum NC-1 isolate-tachyzoites, respectively. Experimental infection was followed for 63 days. Parasitaemia and specific serum IgG responses were studied. Results: In experiment 1, parasitaemia was detected in 1, 2, and 3 heifers from groups B, C, and D, respectively, between 9 and 23 days after insemination. Persistent specific serum antibody responses were detected in 2 and 3 heifers from groups D and E, respectively. Transient specific serum antibody responses were detected in 2, 1 and 1 heifers from groups C, D, and E, respectively. In addition, 1 heifer from group B showed a serum-specific antibody level higher than cut off value at 21 days post-insemination. Heifers seroconverted between 23 and 47 days after insemination. Specific IFN-g levels were detected in 1, 4, 6, and 3 heifers from groups B, C, D, and E, respectively, between 9 and 55 days after insemination. Pregnancy rate in the control group (60%) was higher than those observed in inoculated heifers (0-42.9%). Pregnancy rates in inoculated heifers were lower when the tachyzoite dose was increased (B 42.9%, C 12.5%, D 11.1%, and E 0%). In experiment 2, no Neospora DNA in blood nor specific serum IgG to N. caninum were detected in any of the cows studied, except in one cow inoculated with 5 Â 10 5 tachyzoites (group d) which showed a relative index Â 100 (RIPC) values of 9.4, 18.9, and 18.1 at 42, 56, and 63 days after insemination, respectively. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the intrauterine infection via contaminated semen using 5 Â 10 4 and 5 Â 10 5 tachyzoites caused persistent serum-specific antibody responses in some heifers. On the basis of serological data, a dose-response

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrauterine Neospora caninum inoculation of heifers and cows using contaminated semen with different numbers of tachyzoites

et al. 2007

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“…They have similar life-cycles with different definitive hosts, being domestic and free-ranging felids (Frenkel et al 1970) for Toxoplasma and dogs, coyotes and gray wolf (McAllister et al 1998, Gondim et al 2004, Dubey et al 2011 for Neospora. Common intermediate hosts including a wide range of mammals are reported (Dubey 1999, Tenter et al 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrences of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep from four districts of Tocantins state, Brazilian Legal Amazon Region

et al. 2015

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“…This subfamily includes 3 other genera: Toxoplasma, Hammondia and Besnoitia (Mugridge et al 1999). Dogs (McAllister et al 1998) and coyotes (Gondim et al 2004) are deϐinite hosts of N. caninum, but other animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, horses and cervids may serve as intermediary hosts (Barr et al 1992). This protozoan can be transmitted by the transplacentary route or by ingestion of oocysts eliminated by the deϐinite hosts , McAllister et al 1996.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sheep abortion associated with Neospora caninum in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

et al. 2012

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 32(8) Canids are the main hosts of Neospora caninum, but cattle, (sheep, goats and horses may serve as intermediary hosts. N. caninum infection of pregnant intermediary hosts may provoke abortion and neonatal infections. This study is the ϐirst to report lamb abortion associated with N. caninum in Mato Grosso do Sul. Epidemiological data were obtained from interviews with sheep producers. For microscopic examination, fragments of different organs removed from 4 sheep fetuses, aborted and necropsied, were ϐixed in 10% formaldehyde, embedded in parafϐin and subjected to the hematoxylin-eosin staining protocol and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to test for N. caninum and Toxoplasma gondii. The abortion outbreak studied was reported from a herd of 268 Santa Inês sheep (including 186 pregnant ewes), with 10 abortion cases in the last third of gestation. Four fetuses were examined, 3 from a same ewe. At necropsy, one fetus exhibited crackling in the lung and all its organs were reddish. Histological ϐindings detected mononuclear cell inϐiltrates among myocardium ϐibers and around blood vessels, in addition to circular structures with basophilic points resembling protozoans. IHC tests revealed strongly positive staining for N. caninum and weakly positive for T. gondii, characterizing N. caninum infection.

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Coyotes (Canis latrans) are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum

Abstract: McAllister, Milton M.; Pitt, William C.; and Zemlicka, Doris E., "Coyotes (Canis latrans) are definitive hosts of

Cited by 468 publications

References 16 publications

Intrauterine Neospora caninum inoculation of heifers and cows using contaminated semen with different numbers of tachyzoites

Intrauterine Neospora caninum inoculation of heifers and cows using contaminated semen with different numbers of tachyzoites

Occurrences of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep from four districts of Tocantins state, Brazilian Legal Amazon Region

Sheep abortion associated with Neospora caninum in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

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