COVID and the Economic Importance of In-Person K-12 Schooling

Green, David A.; Karimirad, Ali; Simard‐Duplain, Gaëlle; Siu, Henry

doi:10.3386/w28200

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Baron et al (2020) reported that school closures inhibit the reporting of child abuse. Green et al (2020), using Canadian data found that closing schools and having children learn from home meant that parents reduced labor force participation. Lewis, et al (2021) provide an extensive list of literature on the harm school closures have had on children and conclude: 'School closures have been implemented internationally with insufficient evidence for their role in minimising covid-19 transmission and insufficient consideration of the harms to children.'…”

Section: Other Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19 Lockdown Cost/Benefits: A Critical Assessment of the Literature

Allen

2021

International Journal of the Economics of Business

119

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An examination of over 100 Covid-19 studies reveals that many relied on false assumptions that over-estimated the benefits and under-estimated the costs of lockdown. The most recent research has shown that lockdowns have had, at best, a marginal effect on the number of Covid-19 deaths. Generally speaking, the ineffectiveness stemmed from individual changes in behavior: either noncompliance or behavior that mimicked lockdowns. The limited effectiveness of lockdowns explains why, after more than one year, the unconditional cumulative Covid-19 deaths per million is not negatively correlated with the stringency of lockdown across countries. Using a method proposed by Professor Bryan Caplan along with estimates of lockdown benefits based on the econometric evidence, I calculate a number of cost/benefit ratios of lockdowns in terms of life-years saved. Using a mid-point estimate for costs and benefits, the reasonable estimate for Canada is a cost/benefit ratio of 141. It is possible that lockdown will go down as one of the greatest peacetime policy failures in modern history.

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Section: Other Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19 Lockdown Cost/Benefits: A Critical Assessment of the Literature

Allen

2021

International Journal of the Economics of Business

119

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“…These concerns are beginning to be borne out in the literature: Evidence of learning loss is apparent across the country and in other countries where schools closed (Donaldson, 2020;Kuhfeld, Soland, Tarasawa, Johnson, Ruzek, & Liu, 2020a). 2 There are also concerns about the impact of school closures on the economy as parents-and women in particular-are forced to reduce work hours to provide childcare and support remote learning (Green et al, 2020;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To What Extent Does In-Person Schooling Contribute to the Spread of COVID-19? Evidence from Michigan and Washington

Goldhaber¹,

Imberman²,

Strunk³

et al. 2021

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for providing valuable feedback on this work at various points along the way. Any errors are our own. In addition, all opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of our institutions or funders, nor do they necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications.

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“…Remote learning also could lead to delayed social and emotional development and reduced detection of child abuse as teachers are often at the front lines of detection (Schmidt and Natanson, 2020). In addition, remote learning could lead families to make difficult decisions between working and staying home with young children, which could dampen the speed of the economic recovery (Green et al, 2020;Council of Economic Advisers, 2020). Together, this suggests that opening schools could improve student learning and social and emotional development while minimizing the possibility of child abuse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School Reopenings, Mobility, and COVID-19 Spread: Evidence from Texas

Courtemanche¹,

Le²,

Yelowitz³

et al. 2021

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This paper examines the effect of fall 2020 school reopenings in Texas on county-level COVID-19 cases and fatalities. Previous evidence suggests that schools can be reopened safely if community spread is low and public health guidelines are followed. However, in Texas, reopenings often occurred alongside high community spread and at near capacity, making it difficult to meet social distancing recommendations. Using event-study models and handcollected instruction modality and start dates for all school districts, we find robust evidence that reopening Texas schools gradually but substantially accelerated the community spread of COVID-19. Results from our preferred specification imply that school reopenings led to at least 43,000 additional COVID-19 cases and 800 additional fatalities within the first two months. We then use SafeGraph mobility data to provide evidence that spillovers to adults' behaviors contributed to these large effects. Median time spent outside the home on a typical weekday increased substantially in neighborhoods with large numbers of school-age children, suggesting a return to in-person work or increased outside-of-home leisure activities among parents.

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COVID and the Economic Importance of In-Person K-12 Schooling

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Covid-19 Lockdown Cost/Benefits: A Critical Assessment of the Literature

Covid-19 Lockdown Cost/Benefits: A Critical Assessment of the Literature

To What Extent Does In-Person Schooling Contribute to the Spread of COVID-19? Evidence from Michigan and Washington

School Reopenings, Mobility, and COVID-19 Spread: Evidence from Texas

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