COVID-19-related autoimmune disorders of central nervous system (CRAD-C): Is it a new entity?

Moghadasi, Abdorreza Naser

doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102888

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Furthermore, pinpointing the biological substrates of neuroinflammatory events associated with COVID-19 could help extend knowledge on MS-associated viruses in the etiopathogenesis of both conditions. The possibility that SARS-CoV-2-induced CNS autoimmune syndromes represent a distinct nosological entity should be evaluated through long-term studies ( 189 ); likewise, large case-control studies are needed to test a possible association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and MS development. A long follow-up of pwMS that suffered of COVID-19 will evaluate a potential inference in disease natural history, as well as the frequency and manifestation of long-COVID-19 in these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Sclerosis and SARS-CoV-2: Has the Interplay Started?

et al. 2021

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Current knowledge on Multiple Sclerosis (MS) etiopathogenesis encompasses complex interactions between the host’s genetic background and several environmental factors that result in dysimmunity against the central nervous system. An old-aged association exists between MS and viral infections, capable of triggering and sustaining neuroinflammation through direct and indirect mechanisms. The novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has a remarkable, and still not fully understood, impact on the immune system: the occurrence and severity of both acute COVID-19 and post-infectious chronic illness (long COVID-19) largely depends on the host’s response to the infection, that echoes several aspects of MS pathobiology. Furthermore, other MS-associated viruses, such as the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs), may enhance a mechanistic interplay with the novel Coronavirus, with the potential to interfere in MS natural history. Studies on COVID-19 in people with MS have helped clinicians in adjusting therapeutic strategies during the pandemic; similar efforts are being made for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaigns. In this Review, we look over 18 months of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic from the perspective of MS: we dissect neuroinflammatory and demyelinating mechanisms associated with COVID-19, summarize pathophysiological crossroads between MS and SARS-CoV-2 infection, and discuss present evidence on COVID-19 and its vaccination in people with MS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Sclerosis and SARS-CoV-2: Has the Interplay Started?

et al. 2021

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“…Cytokine storm might in part be responsible for this inadequate immune response [ 23 ]. Other severe autoimmune disorders have been reported during or following SARS-CoV-2 infections [ [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] ].…”

Section: Covid-19 and Anca-associated Vasculitismentioning

confidence: 99%

The COVID-19 pandemic and ANCA-associated vasculitis – reports from the EUVAS meeting and EUVAS education forum

Kronbichler

Geetha

Smith

et al. 2021

Autoimmunity Reviews

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“…The process is as follow: Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) of Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs) recognize the virus and trigger type I IFN response, interact with HMGB-1, Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETosis), oxidative stress, complement, and coagulation cascades, lymphocyte subsets are reset Th1/Th17 responses in preference to CD8+. Eventually, it leads to the production of autoantibodies that can cross-react with auto-antigens, thereby inducing autoimmunity (Talotta and Robertson, 2020;Moghadasi, 2021).…”

Section: Covid-19 and Autoimmunitymentioning

confidence: 99%