COVID-19 in Unvaccinated patients with inherited metabolic disorders: A single center experience

Altassan, Ruqaiah; Sulaiman, Raashda A.; Alfalah, Abdullah; Alwagiat, Waad; Megdad, Eman; Alqasabi, Dana; Handoom, Bedour; Almesned, Munirah; Al-Amri, Hassan; Al‐Hassnan, Zuhair N.; Alsayed, Moeen-aldeen; Alzaidan, Hamad; Rahbeeni, Zuhair; Derar, Nada; Al‐Owain, Mohammed; Albanyan, Esam

doi:10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104602

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Fifteen patients and 15 age and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included in this study. The mean age of the patients and the controls was 14.1(1.7) and 14.8 ( 2 ) years, respectively. According to classification of IEM, nine patients (60%) were diagnosed with amino acid metabolism disorder; three (20%) with fatty acid and ketone body metabolism disorder; two (13.3%) with carbohydrate metabolism disorder and one (6.7%) with lipid metabolism disorder ( 18 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As previously mentioned, unvaccinated patients with IEM should be considered a high-risk group with regard to COVID -19 infection, where even life-threatening acute metabolic decompensation may occur (2)(3)(4)(5)(6). This study was the first to provide clinical evidence of an adequate immune response, beyond laboratory data, for this particular group for whom the COVID -19 vaccine may be considered mandatory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from well-known comorbidities such as obesity, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease, in which patients are at significantly higher risk of a severe COVID-19 infection; disease progression can be challenging in pediatric patients with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) (1). According to the medical literature, children with IEM are considered to be more vulnerable because SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to severe and even life-threatening acute metabolic decompensation, especially in intoxication and energy metabolism disorders (2)(3)(4)(5)(6). In conclusion, vaccination against COVID-19 has an important role not only in preventing COVID-19 infection and transmission, but also in controlling metabolic homeostasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination elicited protective robust immune responses in pediatric patients with inborn errors of metabolism

et al. 2023

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IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to a life-threatening acute metabolic decompensation in children with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM), so vaccination is mandatory. However, IEMs can also impair innate or adaptive immunity, and the impact of these immune system alterations on immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy is still unknown. Here, we investigated humoral immune responses to the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and clinical outcomes in pediatric IEM patients.MethodsFifteen patients between 12-18 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of IEM, and received BNT162b2 were enrolled to the study. Patients with an anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG concentration >50 AU/mL before vaccination were defined as “COVID-19 recovered” whereas patients with undetectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG concentration were defined as “COVID-19 naïve”. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers were measured to assess humoral immune response.ResultsAnti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers and nAb IH% increased significantly after the first dose. The increase in antibody titers after first and second vaccination remained significant in COVID-19 naïve patients. Complete anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG seropositivity and nAb IH% positivity was observed in all patients after the second dose. Vaccination appears to be clinically effective in IEM patients, as none of the patients had COVID-19 infection within six months of the last vaccination.DiscussionHumoral immune response after two doses of BNT162b2 in pediatric IEM patients was adequate and the immune response was not different from that of healthy individuals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination elicited protective robust immune responses in pediatric patients with inborn errors of metabolism

et al. 2023

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“…In addition, Altassan et al reported that unvaccinated patients with IMD older than 16 presented with moderate to severe symptoms in 20.5% of cases [9]. On a Duch cohort of 169 Pompe patients, fteen (8.9%) reported a SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine status of sixty-seven adult patients affected by inherited metabolic diseases: a phone survey.

Brodosi

Stecchi

Mita

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: The Covid pandemic seems to have had several detrimental effects on managing patients affected by inherited metabolic diseases (IMD), although published data about the impact of COVID-19 on patients suffering from IMD are very scarce. The scope of our work was to evaluate adherence to the vaccination plan, the side effects experienced by our adult IMD patients, and the symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: sixty-seven patients agreed to respond to a phone interview. The mean age was 36.5 (±11,6 SD). Regarding the vaccination campaign, fifty-five patients (82%) joined it, of whom ten have received two doses and the remaining forty-five, three. Forty-two patients (76%) reported adverse events following vaccination, the most frequent being local reaction, fever, and asthenia, which lasted an average of two days and resolved without sequelae. Regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection, twenty-seven out of sixty-seven patients (40%) have tested positive for the virus; seven of them were not vaccinated at the time of infection; on the other hand, twenty had already had at least two doses. Regarding the prevalence of long-Covid, as many as 12 patients (44%) reported symptoms that persisted after the nasopharyngeal swab tested negative and lasted an average of 81 (±74 SD) days. There were no statistically significant differences in BMI of patients who contracted the infection and patients who did not (25.15 vs 25.20, p=.861), between those who had adverse reactions to the vaccine and those who did not (24.40 vs 25.75, p=.223), between those who had long Covid and those who did not (25.9 vs 27.7, p=.183). No relation was observed between metabolic inherited disease, SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms and adverse vaccine reactions. Conclusions: The data indicate that IMD patients adhered to the vaccination plan comparably to the general Italian population. Adverse events to the vaccine were negligible. SARS-CoV-2 infection, which occurred in most cases after receiving at least two doses of the vaccine, did not cause serious symptoms and never required hospitalisation. A non-negligible share of patients suffered from long Covid symptoms.

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“…In addition, Altassan et al reported that unvaccinated patients with IMD older than 16 presented with moderate to severe symptoms in 20.5% of cases [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine status of sixty-seven adult patients affected by inherited metabolic diseases: a phone survey

Brodosi,

Stecchi,

Mita

et al. 2023

Orphanet J Rare Dis

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Background The Covid pandemic seems to have had several detrimental effects on managing patients affected by inherited metabolic diseases (IMD), although published data about the impact of COVID-19 on patients suffering from IMD are very scarce. The scope of our work was to evaluate adherence to the vaccination plan, the side effects experienced by our adult IMD patients, and the symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results Sixty-seven patients agreed to respond to a phone interview. The mean age was 36.5 (± 11.6 SD). Regarding the vaccination campaign, fifty-five patients (82%) joined it, of whom ten had received two doses and the remaining forty-five, three. Forty-two patients (76%) reported adverse events following vaccination, the most frequent being local reaction, fever, and asthenia, which lasted an average of two days and resolved without sequelae. Regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection, twenty-seven out of sixty-seven patients (40%) tested positive for the virus; seven of them were not vaccinated at the time of infection; on the other hand, twenty had already had at least two doses. Regarding the prevalence of long-Covid, as many as 12 patients (44%) reported symptoms that persisted after the nasopharyngeal swab tested negative and lasted an average of 81 (± 74 SD) days. There were no statistically significant differences in BMI of patients who contracted the infection and patients who did not (25.15 vs. 25.20, p = .861), between those who had adverse reactions to the vaccine and those who did not (24.40 vs. 25.75, p = .223), between those who had long-Covid and those who did not (25.9 vs. 27.7, p = .183). No relation was observed between metabolic inherited disease, SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms and adverse vaccine reactions. Conclusions The data indicate that IMD patients adhered to the vaccination campaign comparably to the general Italian population. Adverse events to the vaccine were negligible. SARS-CoV-2 infection, which occurred in most cases after receiving at least two doses of the vaccine, did not cause serious symptoms and never required hospitalisation. A non-negligible share of patients suffered from long-Covid symptoms.

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COVID-19 in Unvaccinated patients with inherited metabolic disorders: A single center experience

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination elicited protective robust immune responses in pediatric patients with inborn errors of metabolism

BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination elicited protective robust immune responses in pediatric patients with inborn errors of metabolism

Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine status of sixty-seven adult patients affected by inherited metabolic diseases: a phone survey.

Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine status of sixty-seven adult patients affected by inherited metabolic diseases: a phone survey

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