COVID‑19 in China: From epidemiology to treatment (Review)

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It first became prevalent in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019. COVID-19 was initially characterized by pneumonia of unknown etiology, accompanied by fever, dry cough and fatigue. Due to its highly infectious nature it rapidly led to widespread human infection, causing 80,924 confirmed cases and 3,140 mortalities in mainland China as of March 9, 2020. The present review highlights the prevalence of COVID-19 in China, the etiology, pathology, clinical presentation, laboratory and chest imaging tests, and treatment of this disease. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Epidemiology 3. Etiology 4. Pathogenesis 5. Pathology 6. Clinical characteristics 7. Laboratory and chest imaging tests 8. Treatment 9. Conclusion

A German AWMF’s S2e/realist synthesis and meta-narrative snapshot of craniomaxillofacial manifestations in COVID-19 patients: Rapid living update on 1 January 2021

“…2 summarises CMF manifestations in COVID-19 patients. We also refer interested readers to extensive reviews on natural history, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatments by other authors [ [68] , [69] , [70] , [71] , [72] , [73] , [74] , [75] , [76] , [77] , [78] ].

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[Retracted] Cognitive Attitudes of International Mainstream Media to China during the Contaminated Water and Human Health Under Big Data

“…Lazarsfeld summarized the “Five W” communication modes and environmental testing, social coordination, and understanding in the “Structure and Function of Social Communication”. Three basic social functions of cultural heritage [ 5 ]. Goldman DT studied the decision-making process of the political system and determined many indicators to measure the adaptability of the political system [ 6 ].…”

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Priming: Potential Benefits of Administration of Molecular Hydrogen

“…Thus, precautions must be taken when using gas mixtures with hydrogen concentrations exceeding 4%. Despite this, higher concentrations, such as 66.67% H 2 and 33.33% O 2 , have been employed, particularly in treating COVID-19 patients in China [ 59 ]. Efficacy in treating conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe bronchial asthma has also been reported with H 2 inhalation [ 59 ].…”

“…Despite this, higher concentrations, such as 66.67% H 2 and 33.33% O 2 , have been employed, particularly in treating COVID-19 patients in China [ 59 ]. Efficacy in treating conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe bronchial asthma has also been reported with H 2 inhalation [ 59 ]. The apparent dose-dependent nature of hydrogen’s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties underscores the relevance of this approach.…”