Covalent and Noncovalent Bioconjugation Strategies

Sunasee, Rajesh; Narain, Ravin

doi:10.1002/9781118775882.ch1

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 525 publications

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“…[403][404][405] Although this chemistry has been extensively used for biochemical applications and is relatively easy to control, the thiourea and thiocarbamate bonds are unstable in more extreme conditions and may be unsuitable for some biochemical applications. [409][410][411] Further, the use of sodium hydroxide in some of the processes used can desulfate CNCs. 123,412 The fluorescence intensity variations with pH changes in both acidic and alkaline conditions for Rhodamine B isothiocynate labeled CNCs was shown in the work by Ding et al 413 As an alternative, a cyanuric chloride derivative can be used to form ether bonds between the dye and cellulose.…”

Section: Covalent Labellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current characterization methods for cellulose nanomaterials

et al. 2018

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A new family of materials comprised of cellulose, cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs), having properties and functionalities distinct from molecular cellulose and wood pulp, is being developed for applications that were once thought impossible for cellulosic materials. Commercialization, paralleled by research in this field, is fueled by the unique combination of characteristics, such as high on-axis stiffness, sustainability, scalability, and mechanical reinforcement of a wide variety of materials, leading to their utility across a broad spectrum of high-performance material applications. However, with this exponential growth in interest/activity, the development of measurement protocols necessary for consistent, reliable and accurate materials characterization has been outpaced. These protocols, developed in the broader research community, are critical for the advancement in understanding, process optimization, and utilization of CNMs in materials development. This review establishes detailed best practices, methods and techniques for characterizing CNM particle morphology, surface chemistry, surface charge, purity, crystallinity, rheological properties, mechanical properties, and toxicity for two distinct forms of CNMs: cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibrils.

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Section: Covalent Labellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current characterization methods for cellulose nanomaterials

et al. 2018

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“…Specifically, bioconjugation refers to a complex formed by the linking of a biomolecule to other biomolecules or small molecules. Some of the most common biological entities involved are proteins, glycans, peptides, enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates and oligonucleotides [49,50]. Bioconjugation research and improvements are important within the medical, diagnostics, microelectronics, life and material sciences fields [51].…”

Section: Magnetic Noble Metal Nanoparticles (Nps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Magnetic Noble Metal/Iron-Based Oxide Hybrid Nanoparticles as Biomedical Devices

Sánchez

Álvarez

2019

Bioengineering

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The study of the noble metal magnetic hybrid nanoparticles is a really promising topic from both the scientific and the technological points of views, with applications in several fields. Iron oxide materials which are hybridized with noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted increasing interest among researchers because of their cooperative effects on combined magnetic, electronic, photonic, and catalytic activities. This review article contains a summary of magnetic noble metal/iron oxide nanoparticle systems potentially useful in practical biomedical applications. Among the applications, engineered devices for both medical diagnosis and treatments were considered. The preparation to produce different structures, as blends or core-shell structures, of several nanometric systems was also considered. Several characterization techniques available to describe the structure, morphology and different kinds of properties of hybrid nanoparticles are also included in this review.

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“…Bioconjugation can be defined as the bonding of a biomolecule to another molecule, such as a polymer chain [19]. When a biomolecule is linked to a polymer chain, the resulting hybrid product can be used for development of targeted drug delivery systems, as the biomolecule can function as a biochemical signal for recognition of specific target cells [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniemulsion RAFT Copolymerization of MMA with Acrylic Acid and Methacrylic Acid and Bioconjugation with BSA

et al. 2019

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Polymerization through reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization has been extensively employed for the production of polymers with controlled molar mass, complex architectures and copolymer composition distributions intended for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. In the present work, RAFT miniemulsion copolymerizations of methyl methacrylate with acrylic acid and methacrylic acid were conducted to prepare hydrophilic polymer nanoparticles and compare cell uptake results after bioconjugation with bovine serum albumin (BSA), used as a model biomolecule. Obtained results indicate that the RAFT agent 2-cyano-propyl-dithiobenzoate allowed for successful free radical controlled methyl methacrylate copolymerizations and performed better when methacrylic acid was used as comonomer. Results also indicate that poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) nanoparticles prepared by RAFT copolymerization and bioconjugated with BSA were exceptionally well accepted by cells, when compared to the other produced polymer nanoparticles because cellular uptake levels were much higher for particles prepared in presence of methacrylic acid, which can probably be associated to its high hydrophilicity.

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Covalent and Noncovalent Bioconjugation Strategies

Cited by 16 publications

References 525 publications

Current characterization methods for cellulose nanomaterials

Current characterization methods for cellulose nanomaterials

Advances in Magnetic Noble Metal/Iron-Based Oxide Hybrid Nanoparticles as Biomedical Devices

Miniemulsion RAFT Copolymerization of MMA with Acrylic Acid and Methacrylic Acid and Bioconjugation with BSA

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