Coupled experiment/finite element analysis on the mechanical response of porcine brain under high strain rates

Prabhu, Raj; Horstemeyer, M.F.; Tucker, Matthew T; Marin, Esteban; Bouvard, Jean-Luc; Sherburn, Jesse A.; Liao, Jun; Williams, Lakiesha N.

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.03.015

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Zhang et al 8 used the Wayne State University Head Injury model and computed that the average linear acceleration for a concussion was 94 AE 27 G. Other studies suggested that TBI could be predicted by using strain or tensile pressure. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] As such, the relationship between the HIC or acceleration and the tensile pressure or strain needs to be determined to better understand TBI and one method to quantify these relationships is by using the 3D FE human head model simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis of the Human Head Under Side Car Crash Impacts at Different Speeds

Deng

Chen

Prabhu

et al. 2014

J. Mech. Med. Biol.

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Mechanical response of the human head under a side car crash impact is crucial for modeling traumatic brain injuries (TBI) or concussions. The current advances in computational methods and the finite element models of the human head provide a significant opportunity for biomechanical study of brain injuries; however, limited experimental data is available for delineating the injury relationship between the head injury criteria (HIC) and the tensile pressure or von Mises stress. In this research, we assess human head injuries in a side impact car crash using finite element (FE) simulations that quantify the tensile pressures and maximum strain profiles. In doing so, five FE analyses for the human head have been carried out to investigate the correlations between the HIC measured in the dummy model at different moving deformable barrier (MDB) velocities increasing from 10 mph to 30 mph in 5 mph increments and the pressure and von Mises stress of the skull, the skin, the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and the brain. The computational simulation results for the tensile pressures and von Mises stresses correlated well with the HIC15 and peak accelerations. Also a second-order polynomial seemed to fit the stress levels to the impact speeds and as such the presented method for using FE human head analysis could be used for reconstruction of head impacts in different side car crash conditions; furthermore, the head model would provide a tool for investigation of the cause and mechanisms of head injuries once the type and locations of injuries are quantified.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis of the Human Head Under Side Car Crash Impacts at Different Speeds

Deng

Chen

Prabhu

et al. 2014

J. Mech. Med. Biol.

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“…Further, a report by Van Ee and Myers 23 showed that soft biomaterials tested within 5 hours post mortem gave the best experimental results. Additionally, the PBS solution was chosen to store biomaterial specimens and cylindrical samples because its osmolarity and ion concentration are similar to biological fluids 9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1.1) capable of describing the complex material behaviors exhibited by biomaterials in general. Here, the material model captures the viscoelastic-viscoplastic responses of amorphous materials along with history effects and strain rate dependency, which is currently being used to describe the material responses of brain 9 and liver…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymeric SHPB has been the preferred method for in-vitro testing soft biomaterials at high strain rates. The relevant deformational behaviors from SHPB testing and corresponding tissue damage-related information from the microstructural features of the tissue are incorporated into our ISV material models for organ mechanical descriptions [9][10] . These material models are then implemented into our virtual human body model to conduct FEA of various injuries.…”

Section: Background On Split-hopkinson Pressure Bar (Shpb) and Internmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Coupled Experiment-finite Element Modeling Methodology for Assessing High Strain Rate Mechanical Response of Soft Biomaterials

Prabhu

Whittington

Patnaik

et al. 2015

JoVE

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This study offers a combined experimental and finite element (FE) simulation approach for examining the mechanical behavior of soft biomaterials (e.g. brain, liver, tendon, fat, etc.) when exposed to high strain rates. This study utilized a Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) to generate strain rates of 100-1,500 sec -1. The SHPB employed a striker bar consisting of a viscoelastic material (polycarbonate). A sample of the biomaterial was obtained shortly postmortem and prepared for SHPB testing. The specimen was interposed between the incident and transmitted bars, and the pneumatic components of the SHPB were activated to drive the striker bar toward the incident bar. The resulting impact generated a compressive stress wave (i.e. incident wave) that traveled through the incident bar. When the compressive stress wave reached the end of the incident bar, a portion continued forward through the sample and transmitted bar (i.e. transmitted wave) while another portion reversed through the incident bar as a tensile wave (i.e. reflected wave). These waves were measured using strain gages mounted on the incident and transmitted bars. The true stress-strain behavior of the sample was determined from equations based on wave propagation and dynamic force equilibrium. The experimental stress-strain response was three dimensional in nature because the specimen bulged. As such, the hydrostatic stress (first invariant) was used to generate the stress-strain response. In order to extract the uniaxial (one-dimensional) mechanical response of the tissue, an iterative coupled optimization was performed using experimental results and Finite Element Analysis (FEA), which contained an Internal State Variable (ISV) material model used for the tissue. The ISV material model used in the FE simulations of the experimental setup was iteratively calibrated (i.e. optimized) to the experimental data such that the experiment and FEA strain gage values and first invariant of stresses were in good agreement. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at

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“…Previous studies have captured the microstructural history effects in alloys during deformation (Horstemeyer et al, 2000), and similar approaches have been applied to soft biological tissues toward the development of biofidelic constitutive models for finite element (FE) simulations (Begonia et al, 2010;Prabhu et al, 2011;Weed et al, 2012). In this study, variations in brain microstructure were captured through image analysis parameters including area fraction and nearest neighbor distance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of brain microstructure following mild blunt and blast trauma

Begonia

Prabhu

Liao

et al. 2014

Journal of Biomechanics

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Coupled experiment/finite element analysis on the mechanical response of porcine brain under high strain rates

Cited by 37 publications

References 25 publications

Finite Element Analysis of the Human Head Under Side Car Crash Impacts at Different Speeds

Finite Element Analysis of the Human Head Under Side Car Crash Impacts at Different Speeds

A Coupled Experiment-finite Element Modeling Methodology for Assessing High Strain Rate Mechanical Response of Soft Biomaterials

Quantitative analysis of brain microstructure following mild blunt and blast trauma

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