Coupled Active Systems Encode an Emergent Hunting Behavior in the Unicellular Predator Lacrymaria olor

Coyle, Scott M.; Flaum, Eliott; Li, Hongquan; Krishnamurthy, Deepak; Prakash, Manu

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.09.034

Cited by 39 publications

(75 citation statements)

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“…How these organisms enact fast morphological changes has fascinated and confounded scientists for decades. In a new study published in this issue of Current Biology by Coyle et al [3], high-speed imaging and state-of-the-art computer vision shed new light on this remarkable behavior.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…At the apical end is a dome-like structure containing the oral apparatus, through which food particles and prey are routinely engulfed and passaged to the cell body for digestion. Meanwhile, the dome is encircled by a ring of longer oral cilia that beat vigorously during neck extensions but are quiescent during retractions [3,4].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Culturing ciliates in the lab is notoriously difficult. Based on protocols established in a previous study [4], Coyle et al [3] were able to maintain stable populations of L. olor in the lab, by coculturing with a prey ciliate called Cyclidium. These cultures successfully recapitulated native behaviors observed in the field, allowing for detailed, longterm behavioral studies to take place in controlled laboratory conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…By aligning tracked shapes to the reference frame of the rigid cell body and studying the neck morphodynamics, the authors explain Lacrymaria's unique hunting strategy [3]. The neck and head region sweep out a radius of influence about a suitably chosen pivot, defining a 'strike zone' for each hunting event.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The cytoskeleton of Lacrymaria harbors further clues into this shape regulation [4,6]. Coyle et al [3] also imaged the protein scaffolding in whole organisms by immunostaining for both tubulin and the abundant calcium-sensitive protein centrin [3]. They showed that the helical microtubule scaffold is coupled to a network of centrin fibers.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mechanical Intelligent Energy Harvesting: From Methodology to Applications

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The Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) connects everything with intelligence, while the increase in energy consumption generated by numerous electronic devices puts forward an impending demand on the power supply. Energy harvesting technology has emerged as a compelling innovation technology for the net zero emissions of the power supply for the AIoT. Although significant advances have been witnessed in energy harvesting, some issues such as poor electrical output, weak environmental adaptability, and low reliability are difficult to satisfactorily resolve. Mechanical intelligent energy harvesting can be defined as the system identifying the external excitation or its own state and reacting to it, rather than relying on electrical sensing elements or a central controller for certain adaptive or programmed functions. The adaptive and programmed functions exhibit great potential in solving the above‐mentioned issues that seriously restrict the development of the energy harvesting technology. Here, a generalized definition of mechanical intelligent energy harvesting is given critically and the design methodology is elaborated. The typical reported energy harvesting systems with the characteristics of mechanical intelligence are reviewed. The key research directions in mechanical intelligent energy harvesting are discussed. The mechanical intelligence is expected to revolutionize the development of the energy‐harvesting technology and pave the way for applications.

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Cytoskeletal prestress: The cellular hallmark in mechanobiology and mechanomedicine

2021

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Increasing evidence demonstrates that mechanical forces, in addition to soluble molecules, impact cell and tissue functions in physiology and diseases. How living cells integrate mechanical signals to perform appropriate biological functions is an area of intense investigation. Here, we review the evidence of the central role of cytoskeletal prestress in mechanotransduction and mechanobiology. Elevating cytoskeletal prestress increases cell stiffness and reinforces cell stiffening, facilitates long-range cytoplasmic mechanotransduction via integrins, enables direct chromatin stretching and rapid gene expression, spurs embryonic development and stem cell differentiation, and boosts immune cell activation and killing of tumor cells whereas lowering cytoskeletal prestress maintains embryonic stem cell pluripotency, promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis of stem cell-like malignant tumor-repopulating cells, and elevates drug delivery efficiency of soft-tumor-cell-derived microparticles. The overwhelming evidence suggests that the cytoskeletal prestress is the governing principle and the cellular hallmark in mechanobiology. The application of mechanobiology to medicine (mechanomedicine) is rapidly emerging and may help advance human health and improve diagnostics, treatment, and therapeutics of diseases.

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Coupled Active Systems Encode an Emergent Hunting Behavior in the Unicellular Predator Lacrymaria olor

Cited by 39 publications

References 51 publications

Ciliate Biology: The Graceful Hunt of a Shape-Shifting Predator

Ciliate Biology: The Graceful Hunt of a Shape-Shifting Predator

Mechanical Intelligent Energy Harvesting: From Methodology to Applications

Cytoskeletal prestress: The cellular hallmark in mechanobiology and mechanomedicine

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