Cost effectiveness of a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in Oman

Abstract

BackgroundRotavirus gastroenteritis (RGE) is the leading cause of diarrhea in young children in Oman, incurring substantial healthcare and economic burden. We propose to formally assess the potential cost effectiveness of implementing universal vaccination with a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) on reducing the health care burden and costs associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis (RGE) in OmanMethodsA Markov model was used to compare two birth cohorts, including children who were administered the RV5 vaccination versus those who were not, in a hypothetical group of 65,500 children followed for their first 5 years of life in Oman. The efficacy of the vaccine in reducing RGE-related hospitalizations, emergency department (ED) and office visits, and days of parental work loss for children receiving the vaccine was based on the results of the Rotavirus Efficacy and Safety Trial (REST). The outcome of interest was cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained from health care system and societal perspectives.ResultsA universal RV5 vaccination program is projected to reduce, hospitalizations, ED visits, outpatient visits and parental work days lost due to rotavirus infections by 89%, 80%, 67% and 74%, respectively. In the absence of RV5 vaccination, RGE-related societal costs are projected to be 2,023,038 Omani Rial (OMR) (5,259,899 United States dollars [USD]), including 1,338,977 OMR (3,481,340 USD) in direct medical costs. However, with the introduction of RV5, direct medical costs are projected to be 216,646 OMR (563,280 USD). Costs per QALY saved would be 1,140 OMR (2,964 USD) from the health care payer perspective. An RV5 vaccination program would be considered cost saving, from the societal perspective.ConclusionsUniversal RV5 vaccination in Oman is likely to significantly reduce the health care burden and costs associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis and may be cost-effective from the payer perspective and cost saving from the societal perspective.

Evaluating quantity and quality of literature focusing on health economics and pharmacoeconomics in Gulf Cooperation Council countries

“…The majority of studies (n= 34) were published in international journals 14,[17][18][19]21,24,25,[27][28][29][30][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][45][46][47][48][50][51][52][53][54][57][58][59][60][61] and the remaining 15 studies were published in journals based in G.C.C. countries.…”

“…countries. 15,16,20,22,23,26,[31][32][33][34]44,49,55,56,62 Thirty seven studies were published in medical journals, [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][22][23][24][25][26][28][29][30][31][32][33]36,38,40,41,44,46,49,50,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] 7 in non-medical journals…”

“…25,27,35,60 ; these included Canada, 25 USA , 27 UK 35 and Poland. 60 The primary author in 40 of the included studies (81.6%) had a medical or clinical background [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][26][27][28][29][30][32][33][34][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]49,51,53,[55][56][57][58][59]61 , compared with 4 studies were the primary background was health economics 48,52,60,…”

“…Thirty four studies were national, 14,15,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24]26,[29][30][31][32][33][34][38][39][40][41][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][59][60][61][62] 9 studies were sub-national (where they covered cities of interest in a country) 16,28,36,42,44,50,[56][57][58] and 6 studies were multinational. 17,25,27,35,37,43 Eighteen of the studies published were based on data from Saudi Arabia, …”

Evaluation of the Cost-Effectiveness of Vaccination of Children with 5-valent Vaccine against Rotavirus Infection in the Russian Federation

“…Анализ с учетом только затрат системы здравоохранения также продемонстри-ровал приемлемый уровень эффективности затрат на вакцинацию против РВИ, хотя в этом случае экономиче-ская эффективность вакцинации ниже, чем при исполь-зовании социальной перспективы, предполагающей учет всех затрат, обусловленных заболеваемостью РВИ. Обращает на себя внимание резкое (в 4,94 раза) сниже-ние эффективности затрат при выборочной вакцинации по сравнению с базовым вариантом, что подчеркивает целесообразность именно массовой вакцинации [6,30,37,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ Таким образом, проведенное исследование пока-зало, что, как и во многих других странах с различным уровнем развития экономики и различающимся уров-нем заболеваемости РВИ, массовая вакцинация детей 5-валентной вакциной против РВИ в РФ позволит не только снизить заболеваемость, но, с учетом принятых допущений, может также рассматриваться как экономи-чески эффективное вмешательство.…”