Cost analysis of FSC forest certification and opportunities to cover the costs a case study of Quang Tri FSC group in Central Vietnam

Hoang, Hai Thi Nguyen; Hoshino, Satoshi; Onitsuka, Kenichiro; Maraseni, Tek

doi:10.1080/13416979.2019.1610993

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Current financial assistance is insufficient to support smallholder FMU to maintain SVLK certification [23]. Certification costs can be attempted by smallholder FMU itself if a certified log's selling price can provide more benefits to be allocated for the costs of the certification process and its maintenance [24]. So far, the fulfillment of the surveillance (maintenance) costs of community forest certification can be done through funding by the government or other parties that are not binding on community forests.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Constrain of smallholder forest management on timber legality assurance system (SVLK) certification: A case study in KTH Enggal Mulyo Lestari, Ponorogo District, East Java Province

2020

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Timber Legality Assurance System or Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu (SVLK) is implemented and recognized as a certification for timber products exported from Indonesia. SVLK applied to all the forest product chains included the smallholder Forest Management Unit (FMU). It has been a particular concern to smallholder FMU on achieving the compliance of SVLK at least at two points: 1) the capability and knowledge for the technical process; and 2) the challenges to meet the certification cost. Researches have been done on the capability, challenges and opportunity, cost and benefit, strategies, and how the absence of smallholders FMU certification on supply chain affected timber product legality uncertainty. Meanwhile, a concern on smallholder FMU’s willingness to pay (WTP) certification as one of the main constraints of SVLK implementation is still unseen. A case study in KTH Enggal Mulyo Lestari aims to reveal the actual willingness to pay to fulfill the SVLK certification cost. Research conducted by Focus Group Discussion followed by a questionnaire. This study’s findings illustrate that the WTP of smallholders FMU is still under the certification costs minimum standard stipulated on regulation. Some partnerships with the wood industries, local government and non-government organizations are suggested in this article.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is also stated in MoEF regulation "P.30/Menlhk/Setjen/PHPL.3/3/2016". In contrast, Another mechanism to fulfill certification costs can be done in collaboration with the private sector, government forestry programs, and donor agencies [24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constrain of smallholder forest management on timber legality assurance system (SVLK) certification: A case study in KTH Enggal Mulyo Lestari, Ponorogo District, East Java Province

2020

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“…Example from the FSC certification for timber is highly adaptable and can incorporate forest ES, e.g., biodiversity conservation, carbon storage, watershed protection, etc [96]. In addition, FSC certification for Acacia plantations in QT province provides higher return compared to the non-FSC certified planted forests, although this comes at some cost to growers in terms of changes in management cost, lack of technical knowledge, annual surveillance audit fees, difficult paperwork, complicated procedures for selling wood and loss of market flexibility [20,94]. The government has a clear policy on sustainable forest management (SFM) and forest certification.…”

Section: Enhancing Ecosystem Services From Planted Forests In Vietnammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Planted forests in Vietnam have increased rapidly from about two million ha in 2000 to about 4.2 million ha in 2018 [17,18] or more than 26% of the total forest area, with approximately two-thirds of the plantations area managed by smallholders [19,20]. This rapid expansion of plantations in recent years is due to the Government of Vietnam (GOV) implementing reforestation programs that have been initiated from the 1980s in response to extensive deforestation and forest degradation during and after the American war [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Assessment of Ecosystem Services from Planted Forests in Central Vietnam

Paudyal

Samsudin

Baral

et al. 2020

Forests

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Globally, planted forests are increasing, providing increased resources to forest industries and ecosystem services (ES) to local and wider communities. However, assessment of the impacts of plantations on ES has been limited. Planted forests have expanded rapidly in Vietnam over the last 20 years, with much of the planting undertaken by smallholder growers using exotic Acacia and Eucalyptus species. This study aimed to test a framework to assess changes in four ES due to an increase in Acacia plantations from 2005–2015 in central Vietnam: carbon sequestration, sediment retention, water yield and habitat. Quantitative and qualitative indicators for each service were derived from the literature. Results showed that the area of planted forests in Quảng Trị and Thừa Thiên-Huế Provinces increased from 130,930 hectares (ha) to 182,508 ha, mostly replacing non-forest areas (degraded lands, grasslands and agricultural lands) and poor forests. The framework demonstrated capacity to assess the effect of planted forests on wood flow, carbon stocks, sediment retention, streamflow and the extent of wildlife habitat. Apart from the wood supply and carbon sequestration, more research is required to translate biophysical indicators to benefit relevant indicators related to human welfare. The study also revealed that the area of rich forests decreased by 20% over the ten years, mostly through degradation to poorer quality natural forests. Therefore, at the landscape scale, improvement in ES due to conversion of non-forests to planted forests was offset by a reduction in some services as a result of degradation of native forest from rich to poorer condition. Assessment of changes in ES due to planted forests also needs to consider other landscape changes. These analyses can inform policymakers, forest owners and managers, environmental organizations and local communities of the benefits and impacts of planted forests and provide an improved basis for payments for ES and potential additional income for smallholder tree growers.

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“…On the other hand, the high demand for FSC-certified wood in Vietnam has allowed smallholders to cover certification costs following the end of donor funding (Hoang et al, 2019). Furthermore, in some cases companies meet smallholder certification costs (Hoa Vu, 2016, p. 34).…”

Section: Costs Of Fsc Certificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smallholder Forestry in the FSC System: A Review

Bulkan¹

2020

gouvernance

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Cost analysis of FSC forest certification and opportunities to cover the costs a case study of Quang Tri FSC group in Central Vietnam

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Constrain of smallholder forest management on timber legality assurance system (SVLK) certification: A case study in KTH Enggal Mulyo Lestari, Ponorogo District, East Java Province

Constrain of smallholder forest management on timber legality assurance system (SVLK) certification: A case study in KTH Enggal Mulyo Lestari, Ponorogo District, East Java Province

Spatial Assessment of Ecosystem Services from Planted Forests in Central Vietnam

Smallholder Forestry in the FSC System: A Review

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