Introduction
While current techniques for accelerated tooth movement (ATM) often involve invasive surgical procedures, micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) using mini-implants (MI) may facilitate orthodontic tooth movement without raising flaps, reducing surgical risks and increasing patient acceptance. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of MI-facilitated MOPs in inducing ATM and investigated potential risks for root resorption.
Methods
Five MOPs were placed on the left side around the maxillary first molars in six rats using an automated MI driver, while the right side received no MOPs as a control. Closed-coiled springs were secured from incisors to first molars for orthodontic tooth movement. Tooth movement was measured and samples underwent radiological and histological analyses.
Results
The MOP side exhibited a 1.86-fold increase in the rate of tooth movement with decreased bone density and decreased bone volume around first molars compared to the control. H&E and TRAP analysis showed increased numbers of osteoclasts as well as new bone formation. Three dimensional volumetric analysis of all five roots of maxillary first molars demonstrated no statistically significant difference in root volumes.
Conclusions
MI-facilitated MOPs accelerated tooth movement without increased risk for root resorption, and therefore may become a readily available and efficient treatment option to shorten orthodontic treatment time with improved patient acceptance.