Correlation of oxidative stress‐related indicators with milk composition and metabolites in early lactating dairy cows

Zheng, Sen; Qin, Guixin; Zhen, Yuguo; Zhang, Xuefeng; Xue, Chen; Dong, Jianan; Li, Chunlai; Aschalew, Natnael D.; Wang, Tao; Sun, Zhe

doi:10.1002/vms3.615

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The association between catalase and GPx activity was not surprising, as these two enzymatic antioxidants work to control hydrogen peroxide production by converting it to water (34,111). The positive association between catalase and oxidant markers (ROS and 8-OHdG) was not unexpected, as increased catalase activity can be a compensatory mechanism for excessive production of ROS, as described in human and cattle studies where catalase positively correlated with ROS and 8-OHdG concentrations (112,113).…”

Section: Correlation Matrixmentioning

confidence: 94%

Seasonal patterns of oxidative stress markers in captive Asian elephants in Thailand and relationships to elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus shedding

Kosaruk,

Brown,

Towiboon

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionOxidative stress refers to an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant activity and accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which can have detrimental effects on animal health. Annual fluctuations in oxidative stress status can occur, increasing disease susceptibility during certain time periods. However, a full understanding of factors related to oxidative stress in Asian elephants and how to mitigate the negative consequences is lacking.MethodsThis study measured six serum oxidative stress markers [reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), albumin, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase] and two stress markers [serum cortisol and fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCM)] in 23 captive Asian elephants in Thailand over a 12 months period to examine relationships with age and season.ResultsSeasonal variations were observed, with several markers exhibiting significantly higher concentrations in the summer (ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, albumin) and lower values during the rainy/winter seasons (MDA, 8-OHdG, albumin, catalase). By contrast, GPx was the only marker to be highest during the rainy season. For the stress markers, higher fGCM concentrations were noted during the rainy season, which contrasts with earlier studies showing more activity in the winter (tourist season). Positive correlations were found between the temperature-humidity index and ROS, GPx, and fGCM, while a negative correlation was observed with serum albumin. Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) shedding events were associated with higher concentrations of ROS and MDA. A moderate negative correlation was observed between 8-OHdG and the PCR threshold cycle of EEHV shedding (Ct), indicating DNA damage may be involved in EEHV shedding in elephants.DiscussionResults revealed significant age and seasonal effects on several oxidative stress markers, indicating those factors should be considered in study design and data interpretation. There also may be physiological adaptations in oxidative stress conditions in relation to environmental changes that could impact health outcomes.

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Section: Correlation Matrixmentioning

confidence: 94%

Seasonal patterns of oxidative stress markers in captive Asian elephants in Thailand and relationships to elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus shedding

Kosaruk,

Brown,

Towiboon

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Oxidative stress is a common pathological foundation of ketosis, which results partly from a deficit in antioxidant capacity (Miller et al, 1993;Du et al, 2017). In addition to the typical reductions in milk production during ketosis, previous studies indicated that persistent oxidative stress affects lactation quality and reduces performance in dairy cows (Miller et al, 1993;Zheng et al, 2021). When ketosis occurs, the oxidative stress induced by excessive FFA accumulation causes mammary gland injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired autophagy aggravates oxidative stress in mammary gland of dairy cows with clinical ketosis

Yue

Loor

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

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When ketosis occurs, supraphysiological levels of free fatty acids (FFA) can cause oxidative injury to the mammary gland and autophagy can regulate the cellular oxidative status. The aim of this study was to investigate the autophagy status of mammary tissue and its associations with oxidative stress in healthy and clinically ketotic dairy cows. Mammary tissue and blood samples were collected from healthy cows [n = 15, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) <0.6 mM] and clinically ketotic cows (n = 15, BHB >3.0 mM) at 3 to 15 (average = 7) days in milk. For in vitro study, bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) isolated from healthy cows were treated with 0, 0.3, 0.6, or 1.2 mM FFA for 24 h. Furthermore, BMEC were pretreated with 100 nM rapamycin, an autophagy activator, for 4 h or 50 mM 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an autophagy inhibitor, for 1 h, followed by treatment with or without FFA (1.2 mM) for another 24 h. Oxidation indicators and autophagyrelated protein abundance were measured. Compared with healthy cows, serum concentrations of FFA, BHB, and malondialdehyde were greater in clinically ketotic cows, but milk production (kg/d), milk protein (kg/d), activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were lower. Abundances of mRNA and protein of autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) and 7 (ATG7) were lower, but sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1, also called p62) greater in mammary tissue of clinically ketotic cows. The mRNA abundance of microtubuleassociated protein 1 light chain 3 (MAP1LC3, also called LC3) and protein abundance of LC3-II were lower in mammary tissue of clinically ketotic cows. In vitro, exogenous FFA increased the content of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species, but decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and plasma glutathione peroxidase. Compared with the 0 mM FFA group, abundance of ATG5, ATG7, LC3-II was greater, but p62 was lower in the 0.6 mM FFA-treated cells. Similarly, abundance of ATG5, ATG7, and LC3-II was lower, but p62 greater in the 1.2 mM FFA-treated cells relative to 0 mM FFA group. Culture with rapamycin alleviated oxidative stress induced by 1.2 mM FFA, whereas 3-MA aggravated it. Overall, results indicated that a low concentration (0.6 mM) of FFA can induce oxidative stress and activate autophagy in BMEC. At higher concentrations of FFA (1.2 mM), autophagy is impaired and oxidative stress is aggravated. Autophagy is a mechanism for BMEC to counteract FFA-induced stress. As such, it could serve as a potential target for further development of novel strategies against oxidative stress.

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“…Milk yield is recorded immediately after hand milking or automatic milking. The fat, protein, lactose, solids-not-fats and other milk composition are determined using a milk composition analyzer, typically Lactosan (Zheng et al, 2021). Alternatively, milk fat, protein, lactose, solidsnot-fats, total solids, and SCC can be determined by infrared spectroscopy analysis (Honig et al, 2012).…”

Section: Milk Yield and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes and models for estimating genetic parameters for heat tolerance in dairy cattle

et al. 2023

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Dairy cattle are highly susceptible to heat stress. Heat stress causes a decline in milk yield, reduced dry matter intake, reduced fertility rates, and alteration of physiological traits (e.g., respiration rate, rectal temperature, heart rates, pulse rates, panting score, sweating rates, and drooling score) and other biomarkers (oxidative heat stress biomarkers and stress response genes). Considering the significant effect of global warming on dairy cattle farming, coupled with the aim to reduce income losses of dairy cattle farmers and improve production under hot environment, there is a need to develop heat tolerant dairy cattle that can grow, reproduce and produce milk reasonably under the changing global climate and increasing temperature. The identification of heat tolerant dairy cattle is an alternative strategy for breeding thermotolerant dairy cattle for changing climatic conditions. This review synthesizes information pertaining to quantitative genetic models that have been applied to estimate genetic parameters for heat tolerance and relationship between measures of heat tolerance and production and reproductive performance traits in dairy cattle. Moreover, the review identified the genes that have been shown to influence heat tolerance in dairy cattle and evaluated the possibility of using them in genomic selection programmes. Combining genomics information with environmental, physiological, and production parameters information is a crucial strategy to understand the mechanisms of heat tolerance while breeding heat tolerant dairy cattle adapted to future climatic conditions. Thus, selection for thermotolerant dairy cattle is feasible.

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Correlation of oxidative stress‐related indicators with milk composition and metabolites in early lactating dairy cows

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Seasonal patterns of oxidative stress markers in captive Asian elephants in Thailand and relationships to elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus shedding

Seasonal patterns of oxidative stress markers in captive Asian elephants in Thailand and relationships to elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus shedding

Impaired autophagy aggravates oxidative stress in mammary gland of dairy cows with clinical ketosis

Genes and models for estimating genetic parameters for heat tolerance in dairy cattle

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