Correlation between T2 relaxation time and intervertebral disk degeneration

Takashima, Hiroyuki; Takebayashi, Toru; Yoshimoto, Mitsunori; Terashima, Yoshiaki; Tsuda, Hitoshi; Ida, Kazunori; Yamashita, Toshihiko

doi:10.1007/s00256-011-1144-0

Cited by 79 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is characterized by impairment of disc structure and loss of proteoglycan and water content in extracellular matrix (ECM) [1,2]. IDD changes start in childhood and may cause biomechanical disc dysfunction and low back pain symptoms later in life [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference in the endplate nutritional pathway causes intervertebral disc degeneration in an immature porcine model

Kang

Ringgaard

et al. 2014

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Previous studies have shown that blocking the endplate nutritional pathway with bone cement did not result in obvious intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) in mature animal models. However, there are very few comparable studies in immature animal models. As vertebroplasty currently is beginning to be applied in young, even biologically immature patients, it is important to investigate the effect of cement blocking at the endplate in an immature animal model. Methods Two lumbar intervertebral discs in eight immature pigs were either blocked by cement in both endplate pathways or stabbed with a scalpel in the annulus fibrosus (AF) as a positive control, and with a third disc remaining intact as a normal control. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histology study were performed. Results After three months, the cement-blocked discs exhibited severe IDD, with the percentage of disc-height index (DHI), nucleus pulposus (NP) area, and NP T2 value significantly lower than the normal control. These IDD changes were histologically confirmed. Post-contrast MRI showed diseased nutritional diffusion patterns in the cement-blocked discs. Moreover, the degenerative changes of the cementblocked discs exceeded those of the injured AF positive controls.Conclusions The endplate nutritional pathway was interfered with and diseased after three months of bone cement intervention in an immature porcine model. Severe interference in the endplate nutritional pathway in an immature porcine model caused IDD. These findings also draw attention to the fact that interference in endplate nutritional pathways in immature or young patients may affect the vitality of adjacent discs.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference in the endplate nutritional pathway causes intervertebral disc degeneration in an immature porcine model

Kang

Ringgaard

et al. 2014

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We consider our method more reliably reproducible than the visual manual selection of ROIs used in previous reports for minimizing measurement bias. 13,15,16 In the IVD, we observed a significant decrease in T 2 values in the DS group for only the anterior AF, which indicated greater degeneration in the DS group. We observed no significant changes in T 2 values in either group for the posterior AF and NP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…We have previously validated the reliability of Pfirrmann's classification using T 2 -weighted images for evaluation. 16 On the other hand, visual evaluation of the AF is difficult with ordinary MR imaging. However, this strategy using T 2 values enables us to quantify the water content of the AF and notice that T 2 values of the anterior AF may be a prognostic factor for lumbar DS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13][14][15] Others have reported decreased or increased T 2 values of the AF with degeneration without consensus. 14,16 In addition, the association of T 2 values with FJ and degeneration has not been investigated. Characterization of the relationship between degeneration in the disc and FJ, lumbar DS, and T 2 values may be useful for accurate noninvasive evaluation and subsequent treatment and surgical planning (selection of only decompression or fusion surgery).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigation of Intervertebral Disc and Facet Joint in Lumbar Spondylolisthesis using T2 Mapping

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: We measured T 2 relaxation time of the intervertebral discs (IVD) and facet joints (FJ) in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) and no spondylolisthesis (NS) and investigated the characteristics of these parts in DS.Methods: In 40 patients with DS and 40 patients with NS, we measured T 2 relaxation time of the IVD and FJ and compared them between groups. In the group with DS, we also examined the relationship between the degree of slippage using Meyerding grade and T 2 relaxation of each part in the IVD and FJ.Results: T 2 relaxation time of the IVD tended to be lower in the DS than NS group and differed significantly (P < 0.01) within the anterior annulus fibrosus. T 2 relaxation time in the FJ was significantly higher in the DS than NS group. T 2 relaxation time in the FJ was significantly higher for those assessed Meyerding Grade II than Grade I, although we observed no significant differences in T 2 relaxation time in any area of the IVD.Conclusion: T 2 relaxation time decreased in the anterior annulus fibrosus of the IVD and increased in the FJ in patients with DS, suggesting an association of IVD and FJ degeneration with the development of lumbar DS.

show abstract

“…11,12 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly accurate in detecting abnormality of the disc, but the relationship between findings on MRI and clinical course remains controversial. 5,6,13,14 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%