Correlation between Keratoconus and Pollution

Jurkiewicz, Tristan; Marty, Anne-Sophie

doi:10.1080/09286586.2021.1879173

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A recent study showed a strong correlation between the prevalence of keratoconus with PM 10, but only a moderate correlation with PM 2 . 5 [73]. In contrast, studies from our lab have shown that exposure to either PM 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

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Mechanisms of PM10 Disruption of the Nrf2 Pathway in Cornea

Somayajulu,

Muhammed,

Wright

et al. 2024

IJMS

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We have previously shown that PM10 exposure causes oxidative stress and reduces Nrf2 protein levels, and SKQ1 pre-treatment protects against this damage in human corneal epithelial cells (HCE-2). The current study focuses on uncovering the mechanisms underlying acute PM10 toxicity and SKQ1-mediated protection. HCE-2 were pre-treated with SKQ1 and then exposed to 100 μg/mL PM10. Cell viability, oxidative stress markers, programmed cell death, DNA damage, senescence markers, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. Nrf2 cellular location and its transcriptional activity were determined. Effects of the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 were similarly evaluated. Data showed that PM10 decreased cell viability, Nrf2 transcriptional activity, and mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, but increased p-PI3K, p-NFκB, COX-2, and iNOS proteins levels. Additionally, PM10 exposure significantly increased DNA damage, phosphor-p53, p16 and p21 protein levels, and β-galactosidase (β-gal) staining, which confirmed the senescence. SKQ1 pre-treatment reversed these effects. ML385 lowered the Nrf2 protein levels and mRNA levels of its downstream targets. ML385 also abrogated the protective effects of SKQ1 against PM10 toxicity by preventing the restoration of cell viability and reduced oxidative stress. In conclusion, PM10 induces inflammation, reduces Nrf2 transcriptional activity, and causes DNA damage, leading to a senescence-like phenotype, which is prevented by SKQ1.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…5 [72]. The size of PM also influences the prevalence of keratoconus [73]. A recent study showed a strong correlation between the prevalence of keratoconus with PM 10, but only a moderate correlation with PM 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of PM10 Disruption of the Nrf2 Pathway in Cornea

Somayajulu,

Muhammed,

Wright

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…Environmental pollution has recently been implicated in the development of keratoconus, where a moderate to strong correlation was found between keratoconus prevalence and levels of fine particulate matter in the air [ 30 ]. However, whether this effect is due to exacerbating manifestations of atopy, increased eye rubbing, or both has yet to be determined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Associations with Keratoconus

Unni

Lee

2023

Life

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Keratoconus is a disease of the cornea that results in progressive steepening and thinning of the cornea and subsequent vision loss. It nearly always presents as a bilateral disease, suggesting that there is an underlying abnormality of the corneas that becomes manifest with time. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of keratoconus are largely unknown. Associations reported between keratoconus and systemic diseases are abundant in the literature, and the list of possible associations is very long. We found that atopy, Down syndrome, and various connective tissue diseases were the most frequently cited associations in our broad literature search. Additionally, Diabetes Mellitus has been increasingly studied as a possible protective factor against keratoconus. In this review, we have summarized the evidence for and against these particular systemic conditions and keratoconus and have discussed some of the implications of keratoconus patients having these conditions.

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“…Age, ethnicity, consanguinity, atopy and mechanical trauma are some of the main risk factors described 7. However, environmental factors such as ultraviolet exposure,8–10 pollution11 12 and smoking13 14 have also been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colombian Ocular Diseases Epidemiology Study (CODES): incidence and sociodemographic characterisation of keratoconus between 2015 and 2020

et al. 2023

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ObjectiveTo estimate the incidence and describe the demographic characteristics of keratoconus (KC) in Colombia using national health registry data between January 1st 2015 and December 31th 2020.Methods and analysisWe conducted a nationwide, population-based study using the Integrated Social Protection Information System from the Colombian Ministry of Health, the unique official database in the country. We used the International Classification of Diseases code for KC (H186) to identify the number of new cases of KC and estimate the incidence rates both overall and according to age and sex. We made a standard morbidity ratio map to graph Colombia’s morbidity risk of KC onset.ResultsOf 50 372 424 subjects, 21 710 had KC between 2015 and 2020. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, all the incidence rates of this study were based on the 18 419 reported until 2019. The incidence rate in the general population was 10.36 (95% CI 10.08 to 10.64) per 100 000 inhabitants. The incidence peak among males was in their early 20s and females in their late 20s. The overall male to female incidence rate ratio was 1.60. Regarding the distribution of the disease, most cases were reported in Bogotá (48.64%), Antioquia (14.04%) and Cundinamarca (10.38%).ConclusionWe performed the first nationwide, population-based study of KC in Latin America, finding distribution patterns similar to those reported in the literature. This study provides valuable information on the epidemiology of KC in Colombia, which is helpful in the development of policies for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the disease.

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Correlation between Keratoconus and Pollution

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Mechanisms of PM10 Disruption of the Nrf2 Pathway in Cornea

Mechanisms of PM10 Disruption of the Nrf2 Pathway in Cornea

Systemic Associations with Keratoconus

Colombian Ocular Diseases Epidemiology Study (CODES): incidence and sociodemographic characterisation of keratoconus between 2015 and 2020

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