Correlates of tobacco use among Asian and Pacific Islander youth and young adults in the U.S.: A systematic review of the literature.

Phillips, Kristina T.; Okamoto, Scott K.; Johnson, Dixie L; Rosario, Mistie Hokulani; Manglallan, Kelsey S; Pokhrel, Pallav

doi:10.1037/pha0000511

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…A cross-sectional study examining betel nut and tobacco use among a sample of USAPI youths found that the number of friends who smoke or use betel nut was predictive of smoking and betel nut use among adolescents (Pokhrel et al, 2019). Given the visibility of substances, children and adolescents are more likely to observe someone smoking or using substances, and this exposure to substances may allow some youth to attempt to use them out of curiosity (Phillips et al, 2021). As a result, having access to betel nut and observing or knowing close others (parents and peers) who use it may be risk factors for betel nut use.…”

Section: Familiarity Access and Beliefs About Betel Nut Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic Disparities in Betel Nut Use

Kawabata,

Dalisay,

Pokhrel

2024

International Perspectives in Psychology

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Adolescent substance use has been extensively studied in Western countries. However, knowledge of substance use, particularly betel nut use, among adolescents in the Pacific Islands, remains limited. The present study examined ethnic differences in betel nut use and intention to use, and factors explaining such ethnic differences, in Guam, a US-Affiliated Pacific Islands in the Western Pacific. Participants were 674 ethnically diverse students (49% female; Mage = 12.7, SD = 0.89) from eight local public middle schools. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess study variables. The results indicated that although the majority of participants did not use betel nut, there were significant differences in rates of betel nut use and intentions to use between ethnic groups. Compared with adolescents from other ethnic groups represented in the study, adolescents from the Freely Associated States (FAS) of Micronesia, or non-CHamoru Micronesians were more likely to use betel nut in the past 30 days and in their lifetime and to expect to use betel nut in the near future. These ethnic differences were partially mediated by proposed factors such as observation or familiarity with and access to betel nut and approval by parents, peers, and the community. In other words, FAS ethnicity was a significant predictor of higher levels of familiarity with betel nut; FAS ethnicity also predicted lower levels of difficulty in accessing betel nut and perceived disapproval of betel nut use from parents, peers, and the community. These, in turn, predicted more betel nut use and intention as reported by FAS adolescents. These findings can be used to inform the design and implementation of intervention and prevention programs to reduce ethnic disparities among at-risk youth vulnerable to betel nut use in the Pacific.

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Section: Familiarity Access and Beliefs About Betel Nut Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic Disparities in Betel Nut Use

Kawabata,

Dalisay,

Pokhrel

2024

International Perspectives in Psychology

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“…In the USA, alcohol use alone is estimated to be responsible for a societal economic burden of about $249 billion, and other illicit drugs are estimated to put a burden on the US society of about $193 billion US dollars per year (US Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Surgeon General, 2022). Early initiation of substance use often leads to addiction in adulthood (Phillips et al, 2021; US Department of Health and Human Services, 2016) and is associated with other negative physical and mental health outcomes such as cancer, cardiac disorder, visual impairment, depression, and anxiety (Carrano, 2012; Hussain et al, 2023; US Department of Health and Human Services, 2022). Adolescent substance use has also been found to be associated with risky behaviours including violent or delinquent acts (Hoeben et al, 2021; Walters, 2022), riding with a driver under the influence of alcohol (Sharp et al, 2019), drunk driving (Ewing et al, 2015), weapon carrying (Baiden et al, 2021; Laufer et al, 2006), and unsafe sex (Quinn et al, 2023; Voisin et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents with substance use referred to child protective services: Does substance use treatment prevent foster care entry?

LaBrenz,

Ohri,

Kim

et al. 2023

Child & Family Social Work

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Adolescent substance use has been linked to several negative outcomes, which can be exacerbated by exposure to adversity such as child maltreatment. However, few studies have examined the intersection of adolescent substance use and child protective service (CPS) involvement. This study examined the relationship between substance use treatment and entries into foster care among adolescents referred to CPS for maltreatment. Data for this study came from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS), an annually reported database that contains information on all CPS reports screened for investigation. NCANDS was merged with county‐level data from the American Community Survey to explore the relationship between treatment and foster care entry while adjusting for contextual factors. Our sample included 2326 adolescents who were referred to CPS in fiscal year (FY) 2018 and were followed until FY 2019 to examine correlates of foster care entry. A series of multilevel logistic regressions were conducted. Approximately 1 in 20 adolescents entered foster care during the study period and 1 in 10 used treatment services prior to foster care entry. Substance use treatment increased the odds of foster care entry (adjusted odds ratios = 2.30, p < 0.05), while adolescents residing in counties with higher percentages of non‐Hispanic White residents had lower odds of foster care entry (adjusted odds ratios = 0.67, p < 0.05). Among adolescents with substance use referred to CPS, substance use treatment increases the likelihood of foster care entry. This may highlight the need to provide services earlier and to ensure that adolescents can access treatment without entering state custody. Future research should explore these relationships in more depth.

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“…By reviewing the development of tobacco use disparities among rural communities with the consideration of systemic and pharmacological factors that contribute to the disparities, the authors identify potential points of macrolevel interventions, as well as articulate how health outcomes can be shaped by societal forces. This is followed by Phillips et al (2021) who delineate the various factors that impact the development of tobacco use among Asian and Pacific Islander (API) youth using the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) multidimensional research framework, which serves as a tool to “unpack” distinct levels of analysis in the development of health disparities from cell to society. Reviewing psychometric critiques of cross-cultural research, Lopez-Vergara et al (2021) emphasize the need to statistically test for the cultural equivalence of measurement (within a falsifiable psychometric framework) when making inferences across cultural groups in addiction and clinical science.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%