Correction: Weich, K., et al. Pigment Intensity in Dogs Is Associated with a Copy Number Variant Upstream of KITLG. Genes 2020, 11, 75

Bannasch, Danika L.; Affolter, Verena K.; York, Daniel; Rebhun, Robert B.; Grahn, Robert A.; Weich, Kalie M.; Kallenberg, Angelica

doi:10.3390/genes12030357

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Whereas, within breeds, SSNL1 may actually mask the effects of other genes involved in pheomelanin intensity. While the CNV upstream of KITLG was associated with pheomelanin intensity in Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers, the KITLG CNV was not significantly associated with pheomelanin intensity in Poodles, possibly due to the effects of SNNL1 within the breed ( Bannasch et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

An SNN retrocopy insertion upstream ofGPR22is associated with dark red coat color in Poodles

Batcher

Varney

Affolter

et al. 2022

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pigment production and distribution is controlled through multiple genes, resulting in a wide range of coat color phenotypes in dogs. Dogs that produce only the pheomelanin pigment vary in intensity from white to deep red. The Poodle breed has a wide range of officially recognized coat colors, including the pheomelanin-based white, cream, apricot and red coat colors, which are not fully explained by the previously identified genetic variants involved in pigment intensity. Here, a genome-wide association study for pheomelanin intensity was performed in Poodles which identified an association on canine chromosome 18. Whole genome sequencing data revealed an SNN retrocopy insertion (SNNL1) in apricot and red Poodles within the associated region on chromosome 18. While equal numbers of melanocytes were observed in all Poodle skin hair bulbs, higher melanin content was observed in the darker Poodles. Several genes involved in melanogenesis were also identified as highly overexpressed in red Poodle skin. The most differentially expressed gene however was GPR22, which was highly expressed in red Poodle skin while unexpressed in white Poodle skin (log2 fold-change in expression 6.1, P < 0.001). GPR22 is an orphan G-protein coupled receptor normally expressed exclusively in the brain and heart. The SNNL1 retrocopy inserted 2.8kb upstream of GPR22 and is likely disrupting regulation of the gene, resulting in atypical expression in the skin. Thus, we identify the SNNL1 insertion as a candidate variant for the CFA18 pheomelanin intensity locus in red Poodles.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

An SNN retrocopy insertion upstream ofGPR22is associated with dark red coat color in Poodles

Batcher

Varney

Affolter

et al. 2022

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several genes determined to be related to coat color, hair follicle, and bone development were identified, including MC1R , KITLG , SOX5 , RSPO2 , and TBX15 ( Figure 1B ). The MC1R has been reported to be a switch gene in pigmentation ( 23 ), SOX5 affects MITF-M expression and melanogenesis in mouse skin melanocytes ( 24 ), and the KITLG gene has been reported to be associated with coat color in dogs ( 25 ). The genotype frequencies of the SNPs associated with genes of MC1R , KITLG , SOX5 , RSPO2 , ANGPT1 , and TBX15 were analyzed, and significant differences were found between the XSGZ and HCSSC dogs ( Figure 1C ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic selection analysis of morphological and adaptation traits in Chinese indigenous dog breeds

Li,

Huang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The significant morphological differences and abundant germplasm resources of Chinese indigenous dog breeds can be attributed to the diverse geographical environment, including plateaus, mountains, and a long history of raising dogs. The combination of both natural and artificial selection during the past several thousand years has led to hundreds of dog breeds with distinct morphological traits and environmental adaptations. China is one of the earliest countries to domesticate dogs and there are more than 50 ancient indigenous dog breeds. In this study, the run of homozygosity (ROH) and proportion of the autosomal genome covered by ROHs (FROH) were calculated for 10 dog breeds that are the most representative Chinese indigenous dogs based on 170K SNP microarray. The results of FROH showed that the Chuandong hound dogs (HCSSC) have the highest level of inbreeding among the tested breeds. The inbreeding in HCSSC occurred more recently than the Liangshan dogs (SCLSQ) dogs because of more numbers of long ROHs in HCSSC dogs, and the former also have higher inbreeding degree. In addition, there are significant differences in the inbreeding degree among different subpopulations of the same breed, such as the Thin dogs from Shaanxi and Shandong province. To explore genome-wide selection signatures among different breeds, including coat color, ear shape, and altitude adaptability, we performed genome selection analyses of FST and cross population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH). For the coat color, the FST analysis between Xiasi dogs (XSGZ) and HCSSC dogs was performed and identified multiple genes involved in coat color, hair follicle, and bone development, including MC1R, KITLG, SOX5, RSPO2, and TBX15. For the plateau adaptability, we performed FST and XP-EHH analyses between dogs from Tibet (Tibetan Mastiffs and Nyingchi dogs) and plain regions (Guangxi Biwei dogs GXBWQ and Guandong Sharpei dogs). The results showed the EPAS1 gene in dogs from Tibet undergo strong selection. Multiple genes identified for selection signals based on different usage of dogs. Furthermore, the results of ear shape analyses showed that MSRB3 was likely to be the main gene causing the drop ear of domestic dogs. Our study provides new insights into further understanding of Chinese indigenous dogs.

show abstract

“…An underlying genetic predisposition has been hypothesised because UV-related damage is unlikely in digital/subungual SCCs; additionally, black-haired dogs are predisposed to this disease, and multiple digits can be affected [ 12 , 26 ]. A copy number variation (CNV) at the KITLG gene is responsible for coat colour intensity [ 27 ]. Furthermore, the CNV at the KITLG gene is associated with the predisposition to digital SCC in black poodles [ 28 ] and black giant schnauzers [ 29 ], as well as with the degree of the digital SCC’s histological aggressiveness [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Digital Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Giant, Standard, and Miniature Schnauzers

Aupperle‐Lellbach

Heidrich

Conrad

et al. 2023

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In schnauzers, a breed predisposition to squamous cell carcinoma of the digit (dSCC) is well known. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and macroscopic findings of dSCCs in giant (GSs), standard (SSs), and miniature schnauzers (MSs). Methods: Pathology reports of 478 dSCCs from 417 schnauzers (227 GSs, 174 SSs, and 16 MSs) were retrospectively evaluated. Results: The MSs were older than the SSs and GSs (p ≤ 0.01). The male GSs were predisposed to dSCC (p < 0.05). In the GSs, the nodular dSCCs were larger than in the MSs (p ≤ 0.05) and SSs (p ≤ 0.001). The digital SCCs were mostly diagnosed at the forelimbs, especially at digits 1, 2, and 5. At the hindlimbs, the affected toes differed between the GSs and SSs. Multiple dSCCs were more common in SSs than in GSs (p = 0.003). If dSCC was the cause of death, the survival time was shorter than in dogs dying from other diseases (p = 0.004). Metastases occurred in 20% of the cases and led to a significantly shorter survival time in both the GSs and SSs (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results showed various differences in the dSCC depending on the size variant of the schnauzer.

show abstract

Correction: Weich, K., et al. Pigment Intensity in Dogs Is Associated with a Copy Number Variant Upstream of KITLG. Genes 2020, 11, 75

Abstract: The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

An SNN retrocopy insertion upstream ofGPR22is associated with dark red coat color in Poodles

An SNN retrocopy insertion upstream ofGPR22is associated with dark red coat color in Poodles

Genomic selection analysis of morphological and adaptation traits in Chinese indigenous dog breeds

Comparative Study of Digital Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Giant, Standard, and Miniature Schnauzers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About