Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Pregnancy

Dashraath, Pradip; Wong, Jolin; Lim, Mayasari; Lim, Landri; Li, S.; Biswas, Asim; Choolani, Mahesh; Mattar, Caline; Su, Lingxuan

doi:10.1097/01.aoa.0000732344.83244.30

Cited by 176 publications

(250 citation statements)

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“…While data on these potential consequences will not be available for some time, considerable effort has been made during the pandemic to document the effects of COVID‐19 on pregnancy and birth characteristics. Early data document a very high prevalence of preterm birth in women who were hospitalized with COVID‐19 in the latter stages of pregnancy (Dashraath et al, 2020; Di Mascio et al, 2020; Mullins et al, 2020). A substantial body of research conducted during earlier outbreaks of coronavirus infections (SARS and MERS) documents elevated rates of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in infants born to mothers with these diseases (Schwartz & Graham, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal maternal infection and risk for autism in offspring: A meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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While prenatal maternal infection has received attention as a preventable and treatable risk factor for autism, findings have been inconsistent. This paper presents the results of a meta‐analysis to determine whether the weight of the evidence supports such an association. Studies with a categorical diagnosis of autism as the outcome and an assessment of its association with prenatal maternal infection or fever (or the data necessary to compute this association) were included. A total of 36 studies met these criteria. Two independent reviewers extracted data on study design, methods of assessment, type of infectious agent, site of infection, trimester of exposure, definition of autism, and effect size. Analyses demonstrated a statistically significant association of maternal infection/fever with autism in offspring (OR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.20–1.46). Adjustment for evident publication bias slightly weakened this association. There was little variation in effect sizes across agent or site of infection. Small differences across trimester of exposure were not statistically significant. There was some evidence that recall bias associated with status on the outcome variable leads to differential misclassification of exposure status. Nonetheless, the overall association is only modestly reduced when studies potentially contaminated by such bias are removed. Although causality has not been firmly established, these findings suggest maternal infection during pregnancy confers an increase in risk for autism in offspring. Given the prevalence of this risk factor, it is possible that the incidence of autism would be reduced by 12%–17% if maternal infections could be prevented or safely treated in a timely manner. Lay Summary This study is a meta‐analysis of the association of maternal infection during pregnancy and subsequent autism in offspring. In combining the results from 36 studies of this association we find that a significant relationship is present. The association does not vary much across the types of infections or when they occur during pregnancy. We conclude that the incidence of autism could be substantially reduced if maternal infections could be prevented or safely treated in a timely manner.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal maternal infection and risk for autism in offspring: A meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Pregnant women are considered a uniquely vulnerable group because of their compromised immunological functions, altered physiology and susceptibility to infections (Dashraath et al, 2020). Pregnant women may experience stress, anxiety and depression associated with some potential adverse obstetrical outcomes including foetal death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological responses and lifestyle changes among pregnant women with respect to the early stages of COVID-19 pandemic

Zhang

Feei

2020

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a profound impact on health and well-being of populations. However, there are limited studies that have investigated the psychological aspects of vulnerable groups including pregnant women amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to assess the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among Chinese pregnant women from February 2020 until March 2020. Methods: Our study was conducted using a modified validated online questionnaire comprising of sociodemographic, the Impact of Event Scale (IES), attitude and mental health-related questions towards COVID-19. Results: A total of 560 women were included. The overall mean age and IES of women was 25.8 ± 2.7 years and 31.4 ± 13.7. Moreover, 67.1% of them had IES ⩾26. Psychological impact seemed to be more severe in women in second trimester of pregnancy (the highest IES) ( p = .016). There was a significant association between trimesters of pregnancy and some indicators of negative health impacts (including increased stress from work, increased stress from home, feeling apprehensive and helpless during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic) (all p < .05). Conclusions: Our results reported moderate-to-severe stressful impact among Chinese pregnant women. We recommend that appropriate measures should be taken to address the maternal mental health issues.

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“…Besides, the patients infected with Covid-19 had shown symptoms of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and anxiety (11,12). Among the vulnerable populations, pregnant women as well as their fetuses are highly exposed to infectious diseases during the outbreaks (13) but there are only 55 pregnant women infected with the 2019 coronavirus, and there has been no mortality among them due to the disease (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorders among the pregnant women during Covid-19 pandemic

Gürbüz¹,

Gökmen²,

Kaptan

et al. 2021

Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine

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Aim: Our study aimed to investigate anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCDs) among pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic. Material and Method:This cross-sectional study was conducted on 71 pregnant women who referred to Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic between June and July 2020 for routine pregnancy examination. The Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), the Beck depression inventory (BDI), and the Maudsley obsessive-compulsive inventory (MOCI) were used to assess the rate of depression, anxiety, and OCD. The questionnaire containing information about smoking, working status, gravidity, and education was completed by the subjects.Results: Mean age of the participants was 30 years and their mean body mass index (BMI) was 24.4. 76.1% of the participants were non-smokers. 71.8% were nulliparous. 62% of pregnant women had a high school degree. 80.3% were working. There was a positive significant relationship between BDI and BAI (r=0.405, 0.000) and MOCI scores (r=0.319, sig= 0.007). There was a negative statistically significant relationship between OCD and BMI (r=-0.268, sig=0.024). Anxiety, depression, and OCDs were not significantly different between smokers and non-smokers. Working pregnant women had significantly higher depression and OCDs than the non-working had. The pregnant women showed mild to severe anxiety and depression levels and also showed moderate to high OCDs under the Covid-19 pandemic. Most of the pregnant women showed mild depression, moderate anxiety, and high OCD. The results showed that the studied pregnant women experienced mental complications under the Covid-19 pandemic. Conclusion:Since the mental health of pregnant women is highly important, one should pay special attention to the mental health of working pregnant women under the Covid-19 pandemic. The reason is that such women are more vulnerable to infectious diseases such as Covid-19.

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Pregnancy

Cited by 176 publications

References 0 publications

Prenatal maternal infection and risk for autism in offspring: A meta‐analysis

Prenatal maternal infection and risk for autism in offspring: A meta‐analysis

Psychological responses and lifestyle changes among pregnant women with respect to the early stages of COVID-19 pandemic

Investigating anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorders among the pregnant women during Covid-19 pandemic

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