Cornea and Sclera

Corneal Burns: A Quantitative Comparison of Acid and Base

“…This considerable dosage difference in order to achieve equivalent damage reflects a common and long standing clinical consensus that bases do generally penetrate the cornea both faster and more deeplv than acids (Lemp 1974: Ralph 1981. The exceptional capacity of bases for saponifying fats is believed responsible for their destructive effects on the lipid components of the epithelium.…”

“…The time-concentration factor of 30 emerging from this model might be applied, within the limits outlined, as a .siisceptihi/ity mziftip/iPr by which the relative effects on the aerobic mechanisms of the cornea of strongly dissociating acids and bases (but most particularly hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide) could be predicted and compared. This considerable dosage difference in order to achieve equivalent damage reflects a common and long standing clinical consensus that bases do generally penetrate the cornea both faster and more deeplv than acids (Lemp 1974: Ralph 1981. The exceptional capacity of bases for saponifying fats is believed responsible for their destructive effects on the lipid components of the epithelium.…”

Corneal Burns: A Quantitative Comparison of Acid and Base

“…This considerable dosage difference in order to achieve equivalent damage reflects a common and long standing clinical consensus that bases do generally penetrate the cornea both faster and more deeplv than acids (Lemp 1974: Ralph 1981. The exceptional capacity of bases for saponifying fats is believed responsible for their destructive effects on the lipid components of the epithelium.…”

“…The time-concentration factor of 30 emerging from this model might be applied, within the limits outlined, as a .siisceptihi/ity mziftip/iPr by which the relative effects on the aerobic mechanisms of the cornea of strongly dissociating acids and bases (but most particularly hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide) could be predicted and compared. This considerable dosage difference in order to achieve equivalent damage reflects a common and long standing clinical consensus that bases do generally penetrate the cornea both faster and more deeplv than acids (Lemp 1974: Ralph 1981. The exceptional capacity of bases for saponifying fats is believed responsible for their destructive effects on the lipid components of the epithelium.…”

Second Edition - Guidance Document on Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment (IATA) for Serious Eye Damage and Eye Irritation

“…Finally in some cases as a fourth step, destruction of cornea and stromal ulceration may occur 2 to 3 weeks after injury, mediated by hydrolytic enzymes coupled with inadequate collagen synthesis. When the cornea has reepithelialised or when the corneal stroma becomes totally vascularised, corneal ulceration ceases (Berta, 1992, Pfister, 1983McCulley, 1987;Lemp, 1974).…”

Corneal Burns: A Quantitative Comparison of Acid and Base

“…This considerable dosage difference in order to achieve equivalent damage reflects a common and long standing clinical consensus that bases do generally penetrate the cornea both faster and more deeplv than acids (Lemp 1974: Ralph 1981. The exceptional capacity of bases for saponifying fats is believed responsible for their destructive effects on the lipid components of the epithelium.…”

“…The time-concentration factor of 30 emerging from this model might be applied, within the limits outlined, as a .siisceptihi/ity mziftip/iPr by which the relative effects on the aerobic mechanisms of the cornea of strongly dissociating acids and bases (but most particularly hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide) could be predicted and compared. This considerable dosage difference in order to achieve equivalent damage reflects a common and long standing clinical consensus that bases do generally penetrate the cornea both faster and more deeplv than acids (Lemp 1974: Ralph 1981. The exceptional capacity of bases for saponifying fats is believed responsible for their destructive effects on the lipid components of the epithelium.…”

Second Edition - Guidance Document on Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment (IATA) for Serious Eye Damage and Eye Irritation

“…Finally in some cases as a fourth step, destruction of cornea and stromal ulceration may occur 2 to 3 weeks after injury, mediated by hydrolytic enzymes coupled with inadequate collagen synthesis. When the cornea has reepithelialised or when the corneal stroma becomes totally vascularised, corneal ulceration ceases (Berta, 1992, Pfister, 1983McCulley, 1987;Lemp, 1974).…”

Corneal Burns: A Quantitative Comparison of Acid and Base

“…This considerable dosage difference in order to achieve equivalent damage reflects a common and long standing clinical consensus that bases do generally penetrate the cornea both faster and more deeplv than acids (Lemp 1974: Ralph 1981. The exceptional capacity of bases for saponifying fats is believed responsible for their destructive effects on the lipid components of the epithelium.…”

“…The time-concentration factor of 30 emerging from this model might be applied, within the limits outlined, as a .siisceptihi/ity mziftip/iPr by which the relative effects on the aerobic mechanisms of the cornea of strongly dissociating acids and bases (but most particularly hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide) could be predicted and compared. This considerable dosage difference in order to achieve equivalent damage reflects a common and long standing clinical consensus that bases do generally penetrate the cornea both faster and more deeplv than acids (Lemp 1974: Ralph 1981. The exceptional capacity of bases for saponifying fats is believed responsible for their destructive effects on the lipid components of the epithelium.…”

Second Edition - Guidance Document on Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment (IATA) for Serious Eye Damage and Eye Irritation

“…Finally in some cases as a fourth step, destruction of cornea and stromal ulceration may occur 2 to 3 weeks after injury, mediated by hydrolytic enzymes coupled with inadequate collagen synthesis. When the cornea has reepithelialised or when the corneal stroma becomes totally vascularised, corneal ulceration ceases (Berta, 1992, Pfister, 1983McCulley, 1987;Lemp, 1974).…”