“…Particularly, severe effects of MDC have been reported in two crops of world importance: tomato (Sasanelli et al, 2008;Ganaie and Khan, 2011;Rizvi et al, 2015;Mwangi et al, 2019) and coffee (Alvarado, 1935;Carneiro et al, 1996;Carneiro et al, 2004;Villain et al, 2013;Lopez-Lima et al, 2015;Monteiro et al, 2016;Villain et al, 2018). In tomato MDC is caused by M. incognita and/or M. enterolobii interacting with F. oxysporum, F. solani, Pyrenochaeta lycopersici, and Rhizoctonia solani (Sasanelli et al, 2008;Ganaie and Khan, 2011;Rizvi et al, 2015;van Bruggen et al, 2016;Mwangi et al, 2019).…”