Cork waste valorization as reinforcement in high-density polyethylene matrix

Dairi, Badrina; Bellili, Nadira; Hamour, Noura; Boulassel, Amel; Djidjelli, Hocine; Boukerrou, Amar; Bendib, Riab

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.12.420

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This knowledge is very important within the context of the circular economy, as the characterisation of natural waste sources for reutilisation leads to greater global sustainability [ 95 ]. In general, cork stoppers and cork byproduct extracts demonstrated high aromatic and antioxidant potential to be further reused in different industries, such as agricultural, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries [ 8 , 16 , 47 , 60 , 83 , 92 , 96 ].…”

Section: Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cork, a Natural Choice to Wine?

Azevedo

Lopes

Mateus

et al. 2022

Foods

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This review presents the most recent data on the state-of-the-art of the main compounds present in cork, their interaction with wine, and the impact that natural stoppers may have on wines’ physical-chemical and sensory properties. According to the recent scientific literature, the chemical composition of cork and the scientific relevance of the compounds extract from cork to wine over time are reviewed. Furthermore, the effect of cork compounds transfer into wines during post-bottling is also discussed, as well as their impact on the organoleptic (colour and taste) of wines. This knowledge is essential for the decision-making process undertaken by wine producers to select the stopper most suitable for their wines. In addition, sustainability is also a topic addressed since it is a natural product that generates some waste as well as the way in which this industry is adapting to the closure of the waste cycle.

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Section: Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cork, a Natural Choice to Wine?

Azevedo

Lopes

Mateus

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…Different composites based on cork and cork products with polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polylactic acid (PLA) have been produced [4,20,21,33,34]. The effect of coupling agent addition, chemical modification, and cork content have been studied in the literature [33,[35][36][37][38][39]. However, there are few studies on the valorization of virgin cork waste and recycled plastic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Cork and High-Density Polyethylene and Polypropylene Wastes in Cork–Plastic Composites: Their Morphology, Mechanical Performance, and Fire Properties

Petlitckaia,

Tihay-Felicelli,

Ferry

et al. 2024

J. Compos. Sci.

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The recycling of waste materials is a way of limiting over-consumption and optimizing the value of resources. Within the framework of a circular economy, this can be applied to post-consumer plastic wastes, but also to biobased by-products. Hence, this work deals with the design of composite materials by combining recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) coming from bottle caps and virgin cork of insufficient quality for cork stoppers. Different fractions (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) of virgin cork were incorporated into recycled polymers (HDPEr and PPr). These composites were prepared without a coupling agent or fire retardant. The morphology and mechanical properties of the different conditionings were studied and compared. The thermal decomposition and the fire behavior of the composites were also investigated. Microscopy revealed the poor adhesion between the cork particles and polymer matrices. However, this limited interaction affected only the tensile strength of the PPr composites, while that of the HDPEr composites remained almost constant. The addition of cork was shown to reduce the time to ignition, but also to promote charring and reduce the heat released during the composite’s combustion. The feasibility of composites based on cork and HDPEr/PPr waste opens the way for their reuse.

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“…Even though torrefaction of several types of biomass have been studied recently, only a few works address the torrefaction of cork material [15,16]. Cork is a natural raw material obtained from the outer bark of cork oak (Quercus suber) and constitutes a renewable and biodegradable product with multiple industrial applications [17]. Cork is used in material applications ranging from cork stoppers, insulation or cladding panels, and adsorbent materials [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torrefaction Upgrading of Heterogenous Wastes Containing Cork and Chlorinated Polymers

et al. 2022

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Torrefaction of two mixed wastes composed of cork and chlorinated polymers was studied at temperatures from 200 to 350 °C, for residence times of 30 and 60 min. These wastes were recovered from sandwich panels with cork core, have different contents of cork biomass and chlorinated polymers and present poor fuel properties for energy recovery applications. The raw wastes and the produced biochars were characterized for proximate and ultimate analysis, chlorine content, mineral composition, calorific value, mass yield, energy density, particle size distribution, and adsorption capacity towards cationic and anionic dyes. Torrefaction enabled the production of biochars with mass yields from 97.2 to 54.5%, with an increase in 12.1 to 37.9% in apparent density relative to the raw wastes, and HHV from 18.2 to 20.7 MJ/kg. Nevertheless, the chlorine content of the biochars was increased to values higher than 5%, inadequate for solid fuels. Dechlorination of the biochars by washing with hot water enabled 84 to 91% removal of the chlorine species achieving final concentrations lower than 1%, without significant reduction in the biochars calorific values. For the waste with higher polymer and ash content, the torrefaction process reduced the heating value; therefore, energy valorization was not adequate. Both the raw wastes and the biochars were tested as adsorbents for cationic and anionic dyes. After activation with KOH, both the raw materials and the biochars had removal efficiencies higher than 90% for methylene blue, a cationic dye often found in industrial effluents. The results showed that torrefaction combined with hot water washing converted these wastes to biochars with the potential for energy or material valorization contributing to a circular economy in the cork industrial sector.

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Cork waste valorization as reinforcement in high-density polyethylene matrix

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Cork, a Natural Choice to Wine?

Cork, a Natural Choice to Wine?

Valorization of Cork and High-Density Polyethylene and Polypropylene Wastes in Cork–Plastic Composites: Their Morphology, Mechanical Performance, and Fire Properties

Torrefaction Upgrading of Heterogenous Wastes Containing Cork and Chlorinated Polymers

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