Coprobacter fastidiosus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Porphyromonadaceae isolated from infant faeces

Abstract

A novel obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, non-motile Gram-reaction-negative bacterium was isolated from infant faeces. The strain, designated NSB1T, was able to grow on rich media at 30–37 °C, in the presence of up to 2 % (w/v) Oxgall and 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Cells of strain NSB1T produced catalase, but not urease and indole. Aesculin was not hydrolysed. The strain was able to utilize d-glucose, lactose, maltose, mannose and raffinose as electron donors. When grown on d-glucose, the main metabolic end products were propionic and acetic acids, with a minor product being succinic acid. The major cellular fatty acids, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0, were present at a 1 : 1 molar ratio. The major menaquinone was MK-11. The DNA G+C content was found to be 38.5 mol%. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis strain NSB1T is a member of the family Porphyromonadaceae , phylum Bacteroidetes . The closest relatives of the strain were Barnesiella viscericola (88.2 % identity) and Barnesiella intestinihominis (87.4 % identity). On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic properties of strain NSB1T we conclude that this strain represent a novel species in a new genus within the family of Porphyromonadaceae for which the name Coprobacter fastidiosus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the species is NSB1T ( = DSM 26242T, = VKM B-2743T).

Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids Differentially Alter Gut Microbiome and Reverse High‐Fat Diet–Induced Insulin Resistance

“…In female mice, DHA specifically decreased the abundance of pro‐inflammatory Enterorhabdus [ 54 ] and promoted the growth of butyrate‐producing Intestinimonas [ 55 ] and Bacteroides acidifaciens [ 56 ] which were shown to prevent obesity and improve insulin sensitivity. EPA specifically favored SCFA‐producing Coprobacter , [ 57 ] Alloprevotella, [ 58 ] and Anaerotruncus . [ 59 ] These shifts in gut microbiome indicated that EPA and DHA differentially reversed gut dysbiosis which may further improve the intestinal barrier and affect the production of microbial metabolites.…”

Alistipes inops sp. nov. and Coprobacter secundus sp. nov., isolated from human faeces

“…By contrast, the genus Coprobacter , family Rikenellaceae , is currently restricted to a single species, Coprobacter fastidiosus , isolated from faeces of a healthy infant (Shkoporov et al , 2013). The closely related genus Barnesiella comprises only two known species, Barnesiella intestinihominis (Morotomi et al , 2008), commonly found in the human faecal microbiota at concentrations exceeding 10 9 c.f.u.…”

Draft Genome Sequence of Coprobacter fastidiosus NSB1 T

“…Currently, it comprises a single species, Coprobacter fastidiosus , isolated from the feces of a healthy infant (6). These Gram-negative obligate anaerobic bacteria differ from members of a closely related genus, Barnesiella , by their ability to produce propionic acid, their lower G+C content, and the composition of their major fatty acids.…”

“…These Gram-negative obligate anaerobic bacteria differ from members of a closely related genus, Barnesiella , by their ability to produce propionic acid, their lower G+C content, and the composition of their major fatty acids. The abundance of 16S rRNA sequences of C. fastidiosus in metagenomic studies suggests this species is highly prevalent in human intestinal microbiota (6). …”

“…The resistance of C. fastidiosus NSB1 T to β-lactam antibiotics (6) was linked to the presence of several possible β-lactamase genes (NSB1T_03925, NSB1T_10950, NSB1T_07185, and NSB1T_06290). However, despite the presence of a predicted chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene (NSB1T_01810), the strain NSB1 T is sensitive to chloramphenicol (6). …”