Coprisin-induced antifungal effects in Candida albicans correlate with apoptotic mechanisms

Lee, Jun-Young; Hwang, Jae‐Sam; Hwang, In-sok; Cho, Jae-Yong; Lee, Eunjung; Kim, Yangmee; Lee, Dong Gun

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.03.012

Cited by 59 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Since C. tipartitus spends most of its life in fecal material, it is considered that the antibacterial properties of coprisin protect this insect from continuous pathogen invasion [28]. Coprisin exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and S. epidermidis [28] as well as antifungal activity against various fungal pathogens including several species from Aspergillus and Candida genus without any cytotoxicity towards human erythrocytes [30]. Coprisin possesses antibacterial properties and synergistic activities with antibiotics.…”

Section: Dung Beetlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, coprisin also exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing binding of lipolysaccharides (LPS) to toll-like receptor 4, and subsequently inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear translocation of Nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) [27]. Coprisin exerts antibacterial effect when topically applied in both liquid and ointment bases to S. aureus-infected wounds in rats resulting in accelerated wound healing [30].…”

Section: Dung Beetlementioning

confidence: 99%

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Mode of Action of Antimicrobial Peptides Identified from Insects

Lee¹,

Lee²

2015

Journal of Life Science

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Insects represent the largest class within the animal kingdom in terms of species number. Humans had been utilized insect in the broad area, including food, agriculture, industry, pharmaceuticals and so on. At present, insects are emerging as a leading group for identifying and extracting novel bioactive substances due to enormous number and a high nutritional value. Insects rely on a suite of systemic response to resist infection such as immune cells, hemocytes, activation of enzymes cascades, and antimicrobial peptide/protein. Among the substances, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are main components of potent antimircrobial innate defense system into the insect hemolymph. AMPs raise influential candidate as avenue to resolve the development of antibiotic-resistant microbial organism. Insect AMPs are classified into four main classes: cecropins, insect defensins, glycine/proline-rich peptides. Insect AMPs have been purified, over 150. In this review, AMPs derived from several insects were summarized including honey bee, dung beetle, butterfly and longicorn beetle. These peptides almost exhibited potent antimicrobial activities against human microbial pathogens without causing remarkable hemolysis to erythrocytes excluding melittin, and their mode of action(s) are based on disruption of the plasma membrane or fungal apoptosis. Therefore, study of insect AMPs is expected to be useful for designing novel therapeutic antimicrobial applications.

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Section: Dung Beetlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dung Beetlementioning

confidence: 99%

Mode of Action of Antimicrobial Peptides Identified from Insects

Lee¹,

Lee²

2015

Journal of Life Science

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“…The cells were washed and resuspended in annexin binding buffer and incubated with 5 ll/ml annexin V-FITC and PI for 15 min. The cells stained were immediately analyzed with a FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton-Dickinson, USA) [19].…”

Section: Analysis Of Apoptotic Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For TUNEL assay, the cells were washed with PBS containing 1 M sorbitol and stained with an In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, Fluorescein (Roche Applied Science). The cells were examined under a fluorescence microscope (Nikon ECLIPSE Ti-S, Japan) [19].…”

Section: Analysis Of Apoptotic Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Antifungal Mechanism of Resveratrol: Apoptosis Inducer in Candida albicans

Lee

2014

Curr Microbiol

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Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a well-known natural polyphenolic compound that has garnered considerable interest because of its bioavailability and pharmacokinetics in humans. Although the antimicrobial activity of resveratrol has recently been focused, however, the antifungal activity and its mechanism are still largely unknown. Here, we report for the first time the potential of resveratrol as an apoptosis inducer in the human pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. The results showed that resveratrol exerted its effects from the early to the late stages of apoptosis and involved the activity of reactive oxygen species, particularly hydroxyl radicals ((∙)OH). DiOC6(3) and JC-1 staining indicated that loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ m) is a key event in resveratrol-induced apoptosis. Finally, we investigated metacaspase activation resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction. The result showed that resveratrol strongly activated metacaspase and promoted cytochrome c release. In summary, resveratrol induces fungal apoptosis through a caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway and is a potential agent for treating human fungal diseases.

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“…(ACALHCIALRKK-NH 2 ) was revealed as the active domain for coprisin activities, 18 we designed cop12mer with this active region in this study. The three residue truncated peptide (LHCIALRKK-NH 2 ), called cop9mer, also designed to develop potent peptide antibiotics with short length.…”

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confidence: 99%