Coping with chronic pain associated with cerebral palsy

Abstract

Fifty-nine adults with cerebral palsy (CP) were administered, via inperson interviews, measures of pain intensity

Are coping and catastrophising independently related to disability and depression in patients with whiplash associated disorders?

“…Our findings suggest that the treatment of patients with WAD of a short duration should be more focussed on modifying catastrophising thoughts than on developing certain pain coping strategies, because it is a more effective way of reducing levels of disability and depression in a short time after the accident. Other researchers have also pointed out the need to pay attention to reducing catastrophising in the treatment of chronic pain problems [19,[52][53][54]. In the whiplash field, a recent study [55] also highlighted the utility of a psychosocial intervention that addresses pain catastrophising in a sample of patients with chronic WAD.…”

Chronic Pain in People with Physically Disabling Conditions: A Review of the Application of Biopsychosocial Models

“…Reduction of activity, through resting or avoidance, has been associated with positively associated with pain interference in people with cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy, and with symptoms of depression in people with cerebral palsy (Engel, et al, 2000;Miro, et al, 2009). Seeking social support has been found to be positively associated with pain-related disability among people with cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy (Engel, et al, 2006;Miro, et al, 2009), a finding that may initially appear counter-intuitive. The authors of the cerebral palsy study identified the fact that the items on the scale potentially reflect both adaptive and maladaptive aspects of social support seeking (Engel, et al, 2006).…”

“…Seeking social support has been found to be positively associated with pain-related disability among people with cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy (Engel, et al, 2006;Miro, et al, 2009), a finding that may initially appear counter-intuitive. The authors of the cerebral palsy study identified the fact that the items on the scale potentially reflect both adaptive and maladaptive aspects of social support seeking (Engel, et al, 2006). However, operant models of chronic pain suggest that pain contingent social support would result in increased disability, which may also provide a parsimonious explanation of the findings.…”

“…In a study of people with phantom limb pain, pain catastrophizing was also shown to significantly contribute to wind-up-like pain when anxiety and depression were controlled for (Vase, et al, 2011) Pain catastrophizing has been found to be positively associated with pain-related disability among those with spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, phantom limb pain, muscular dystrophy and multiple sclerosis (Borsbo, et al, 2009;Douglas, Wollin, & Windsor, 2008;Engel, et al, 2000;Hill, et al, 1995;Miro, et al, 2009;Molton, et al, 2009;Osborne, et al, 2007). Psychological functioning among people with spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, phantom limb pain, muscular dystrophy and cerebral palsy has been found to be negatively associated with pain catastrophizing (Douglas, et al, 2008;Engel, Jensen, & Schwartz, 2006;Engel, et al, 2000;Hanley, et al, 2004;Hill, et al, 1995;Miro, et al, 2009;Molton, et al, 2009;Osborne, et al, 2007;Smedema, Catalano, & Ebener, 2011;Ullrich, Jensen, Loeser, & Cardenas, 2007;Wollaars, et al, 2007). Pain catastrophizing has also been shown to mediate the relationship between pain severity and psychological distress and pain-related disability among people with spinal cord injury (Ullrich, et al, 2007).…”

Physical Management of Children with Cerebral Palsy

“…Pain limits activity (Turk et al, 1997), and two-thirds can anticipate having moderate to severe, 24% constant, and 56% daily pain. In another study 32% reported dissatisfaction with pain management (Engel et al, 2006). Other causes of chronic pain in musculoskeletal disorders include hip dysplasia (Hodgkinson et al, 2001) leading to postural problems and back pain.…”