Coping and care-related stress in parents of a child with autism spectrum disorder

Shepherd, Daniel; Landon, Jason; Taylor, Steve M.; Goedeke, Sonja

doi:10.1080/10615806.2018.1442614

Cited by 57 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Lower resilience, less positive coping strategies, and more negative coping strategies were linked to anxiety and depression symptoms. These findings are consistent with previous research [25][26][27]. Although resilience and coping strategies were not completely identical to parenting stress, they provided a holistic understanding of the stress experienced by parents of children with ASD.…”

Section: Effect Of Resilience and Coping Strategies On Parental Anxiesupporting

confidence: 90%

The relationship between 2019-nCoV and psychological distress among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder

Wang

Pan

et al. 2021

Global Health

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Objectives The psychological distress caused by COVID-19 may be pronounced among the parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aimed to investigate psychological distress among parents of children with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A total of 1764 parents of children with ASD and 4962 parents of typically developing (TD) children were recruited. The participants completed an online survey which contained demographic information, the impact due to COVID-19 crisis, resilience, coping styles, anxiety and depression. Hierarchical linear regression was used to assess the contributions of these variables to anxiety and depression. Results After adjusting for demographic variables, the following factors were associated with parents’ anxiety and depression symptoms: (i) Whether or not the participants had a child with ASD; (ii) resilience; (iii) coping strategies, and; (iv) the impact due to COVID-19. Among these, the psychological stress caused by COVID-19 played the most important role in parental anxiety (β = 0.353) and depression (β = 0.242) symptoms. Parents of children with ASD had lower levels of resilience and positive coping, and used more negative coping strategies than parents of TD children. Among all participants, 8.0 and 24.2% of parents had symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively. Compared to parents of TD children, more parents of children with ASD exhibited symptoms of anxiety and depression (12.2% vs. 6.6%; 31.0% vs. 21.7%, respectively). Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, parents experienced varying levels of anxiety and depression, particularly, parents of children with ASD. More specific attention should be paid to parental mental health and long-term effective intervention programs, that are targeted towards parents of children with ASD, and such programs should be promoted around China in the wake of the COVID-19 crisis.

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Section: Effect Of Resilience and Coping Strategies On Parental Anxiesupporting

confidence: 90%

The relationship between 2019-nCoV and psychological distress among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder

Wang

Pan

et al. 2021

Global Health

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“…Parents of children with ASD experienced higher mean levels of anxiety compared to the parents of the control group. This finding is not surprising since the stress in parents of children with this condition is well documented in the literature, and has been attributed to the child's challenging behaviours [26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Impacto de la COVID-19 en niños con trastorno del espectro autista

et al. 2020

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Introduction. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience changing routines as a major challenge. For that reason, the need for adaptation during COVID-19 pandemic may have brought major problems to families with children with this pathology. Aim. To explore how children with ASD and their parents experienced the social isolation during COVID-19 outbreak period. Subjects and methods. We conducted an observational, cross-sectional and analytical study. We applied an anonymous questionnaire that included children's demographic and clinical characteristics, along with the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak in different aspects of family's daily life. Results. Out of 99 questionnaires obtained, 43 were related to children with ASD and 56 to control group. Children with ASD predominantly had changes in behavior, while children from control group mostly found no changes. The majority of parents of ASD children reported a negative impact in emotion management against those in control group reporting mostly positive or no impact. Caregivers reported higher mean scores of anxiety levels in themselves than in their children. ASD children and their parents had higher levels of anxiety than healthy ones. In the group with ASD, children that did not maintain routines had higher mean levels of anxiety than children that maintained routines. Conclusion. Our results show a potential important psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic not only in children with neurodevelopmental disorders but in their caregivers as well. Physicians must be prepared for the post-pandemic surveillance of mental disorders among families.

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“…Parent outcomes and stress levels may also differ depending on the stage of the intervention: prior to starting, in the midst of, or after it ends. Further, a recent online survey of 570 parents of children with ASD revealed intriguing correlations between parent stress and phase of intervention (i.e., not yet tried, active, completed, abandoned) (33). Specifically, parent stress was higher when children were actively engaged in intervention or had abandoned intervention than when the child had not yet tried intervention or had completed intervention.…”

Section: Asd Intervention For Young Children: Impact On Parentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of early autism intervention on parents and family adaptive functioning

2019

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This review describes the effects of intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on parents. Like all children, children with ASD bring both negative and positive experiences for parents and families-from increased resource needs, to higher levels of parenting-related stress, to positive personal growth for family members. It is increasingly recognized that, although children with ASD are the primary targets of early ASD intervention, ASD intervention also impacts parents. From the time emerging developmental concerns begin to be identified, through the process of obtaining a diagnosis and initiating services, parents play a central role in addressing the needs of young children with ASD, including implementing and supporting early intervention. Parents experience the impact of intervention directly, through interaction with providers within the health care and educational systems. Parents also experience indirect impacts of ASD intervention due to accelerated developmental progress of children who are benefitting from services and when children make slower progress than expected or have challenging behaviors. Parental stress and psychological well-being are legitimate targets of intervention and compelling research objectives, needing no additional justification. However, parents are also the major contributors to family adaptive functioning-the activities families employ to support positive outcomes for children with ASD (e.g., family-orchestrated child experiences, parent-child interaction, child health and safety functions; Guralnick, 1997). A parent's ability to carry out adaptive functions is, in part, related to their levels of stress and psychological well-being. Thus, there is a transactional process in which parents are both impacted by and have an impact on ASD interventions for their child. Evaluating the effect of ASD intervention on parents is needed to develop new strategies for helping parents and children with ASD reach their full potential. This review will provide an overview of research on the impact of early ASD intervention on parents. Evidence regarding the impact of three types of intervention (i.e., early intensive behavioral intervention, parent-implemented intervention, and programs directly targeting parent stress) on parent well-being and family adaptive functioning will be reviewed. Potential moderators of the impact of ASD intervention on parents and family adaptive functioning will be discussed. We conclude that research on the impact of ASD intervention on parents of young children with ASD is a promising avenue for improving the lives of children with ASD and their families.

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Coping and care-related stress in parents of a child with autism spectrum disorder

Abstract: This study reinforces the importance of identifying the coping strategies of parents of children with developmental disorders, and highlights the consequences of using different conceptual approaches to measure parenting stress.

Cited by 57 publications

References 44 publications

The relationship between 2019-nCoV and psychological distress among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder

The relationship between 2019-nCoV and psychological distress among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder

Impacto de la COVID-19 en niños con trastorno del espectro autista

The effects of early autism intervention on parents and family adaptive functioning

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