Conversion and removal strategies for microplastics in wastewater treatment plants and landfills

Hou, Liyuan; Kumar, Deepak; Yoo, Chang Geun; Gitsov, Ivan; Majumder, Erica L.-W.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.126715

Cited by 187 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…The tested MP concentration of 0.022 g/kg in this study is a fraction of those used in other studies on insects, such as 1.25 to 20 g/kg (Silva et al, 2019) and 0.2 g/kg (Cho et al, 2020). Nevertheless, the levels used in this study are substantially higher than those found in nature ranging from 112 to 234 particles/kg in Italian lakes (Fischer et al., 2016) to 3,153 particles/kg in Poyang Lake (Liu et al, 2019) and 91,000 particles/kg in various unmanaged landfills (He et al., 2019; Hou et al., 2021; Su et al, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Oliveira & Almedia (2019) emphasized that the prevalence of MPs is substantially understudied in soils, despite having a high capacity to retain and accumulate MPs. Perhaps not surprisingly, MPs in uncontrolled landfills are substantially higher and can reach up to 91 particles/g refuse (He et al., 2019; Hou et al., 2021; Su et al, 2019). According to the most recent estimates, plastics are the third most common material in landfills at 19.2%, based on weight in the United States (EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microplastics affected black soldier fly (Hermetiaillucens) pupation and short chain fatty acids

Romano

Fischer

2021

J Applied Entomology

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Plastics are used in almost every form of daily life where it is estimated that 300 million tonnes are produced each year, with 51% of production in Asia (PlasticsEurope, 2019). Unfortunately, plastics are often single-use and thus end up in landfills and water ways where they eventually degrade into microscopic (1-1,000 µm) secondary microplastics (MPs) (Burns & Boxall, 2018). Typically, secondary MPs are non-uniformly shaped fragments and the most commonly found include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polystyrene (PS) (do Sul et al., 2013). The prevalence of MPs in various waterways, both freshwater and marine, has been globally documented, but are also being found in the air and soil (Enyoh et al., 2019; Oliveira & Almedia, 2019; Möller et al., 2020). Oliveira & Almedia (2019) emphasized that the prevalence of MPs is substantially understudied in soils, despite having a high capacity to retain and accumulate MPs. Perhaps not surprisingly, MPs in uncontrolled landfills are substantially higher and can reach up to 91 particles/g refuse (He et al., 2019; Hou et al., 2021; Su et al., 2019). According to the most recent estimates, plastics are the third most common material in landfills at 19.2%, based on weight in the United States (EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), 2020). Paper and food waste are first and second, respectively, in landfills based on weight (EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), 2020). Thus, im-properly managed landfills attract various pests and insects, including black soldier flies, Hermetia illucens (Fadila et al., 2020;Qasim et al., 2020), which makes it a real possibility that black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) can be exposed to MPs. This could have ecological implications, especially considering adult black soldier flies are pollinators (Srikanth et al., 2013). Moreover, there has been increasing interest in feeding BSFL with landfill residue and leachate as an environmentally friendly method to convert this waste into a high-value prod-

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics affected black soldier fly (Hermetiaillucens) pupation and short chain fatty acids

Romano

Fischer

2021

J Applied Entomology

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“…The analysis of microfibers from WWTP effluent by Raman microspectroscopy revealed that those in the size range 1–10 μm were the most abundant [ 141 ]. Technological innovations to increase the retention of smaller microfibers would be desirable [ 142 , 143 ]. Nevertheless, the presence of even small quantities of microfibers in WWTP effluent means a significant amount is discharged into rivers, due to the large volumes of effluent discharged every day [ 142 ].…”

Section: Use Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the polyester clothing value chain to identify key intervention points for sustainability

2021

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Clothing is one of the primary human needs, and the demand is met by the global production of thousands of tons of textile fibers, fabrics and garments every day. Polyester clothing manufactured from oil-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is the market leader. Conventional PET creates pollution along its entire value chain—during the production, use and end-of-life phases—and also contributes to the unsustainable depletion of resources. The consumption of PET garments thus compromises the quality of land, water and air, destroys ecosystems, and endangers human health. In this article, we discuss the different stages of the value chain for polyester clothing from the perspective of sustainability, describing current environmental challenges such as pollution from textile factory wastewater, and microfibers released from clothing during the laundry cycle. We also consider potential solutions such as enhanced reuse and recycling. Finally, we propose a series of recommendations that should be applied to polyester clothing at all stages along the value chain, offering the potential for meaningful and effective change to improve the environmental sustainability of polyester textiles on a global scale.

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“…Studies suggest that advanced technologies can improve the removal of MP from treatment systems (Carr et al, 2016;Talvitie et al, 2017b;Ziajahromi et al, 2017;Lares et al, 2018). Both the treatment process and the physicochemical properties of the polymer influence removal efficiency (Bond et al, 2018) and it is the MP in the smaller size range, which are difficult for the wastewater treatment plants to capture, that are of the greatest concern for the environment (Zambrano et al, 2019;De Falco et al, 2019a;Hou et al, 2020). Lares et al (2018), for example, found that most MP were removed before the activated sludge process; the overall retention capacity was 98.3%, and this could be improved by incorporating a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor.…”

Section: Improvement Of Wwtp Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic microfibre pollution: how important is clothes’ laundering?

Gaylarde

Baptista-Neto

Fonseca

2021

Heliyon

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Microfibres from clothes laundering are the main source of primary microplastics in oceans. Fibres are frequently the most common plastics found in aquatic animals. The main plastic in polluting microplastics is PET. Various toxic substances are incorporated in textile microfibres. Fibres contribute up to 90% total plastic mass in wastewater treatment plants. A Standard Test is required to allow the development of microfibre release control actions.

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Conversion and removal strategies for microplastics in wastewater treatment plants and landfills

Cited by 187 publications

References 194 publications

Microplastics affected black soldier fly (Hermetiaillucens) pupation and short chain fatty acids

Microplastics affected black soldier fly (Hermetiaillucens) pupation and short chain fatty acids

Analysis of the polyester clothing value chain to identify key intervention points for sustainability

Plastic microfibre pollution: how important is clothes’ laundering?

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