Controlling overload in networks of SIP servers

Hilt, Volker; Widjaja, Indra

doi:10.1109/icnp.2008.4697027

Cited by 77 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Its direct upstream neighbors only follow the received restrictions to throttle traffic forwarded to the overloaded server. This type of overload control is adopted by Hilt and Widjaja (2008), Noel and Johnson (2007), Shen et al (2008), and Garroppo et al (2011). On the other hand, in sender-based control, the overloaded server only implements local overload control which rejects requests by using 503 responses.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In (Rosenberg, 2008;Hilt and Widjaja, 2008;Hong et al, 2010), the overload problem of SIP and the ineffectiveness of its built-in overload control mechanisms are studied in detail. In Hilt and Widjaja (2008), Ohta (2006a,b), Cyr et al (1990), Kasera et al (2001), and Garroppo et al (2009), several local overload control mechanisms have been proposed. Furthermore, recent research focuses on studying hop-by-hop overload control mechanisms to handle overload more effectively, which are classified into receiver-based and sender-based overload control.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In end-to-end overload control, the edge servers, which are considered as the closest servers to the sources of traffic in a SIP network, are responsible for adjusting the amount of traffic forwarded to the overloaded server to eliminate overload. The research in Hilt and Widjaja (2008) indicates that end-to-end overload control achieves the best performance although it is the most complex among all types of overload control approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several design approaches have been proposed in the literatures (Hilt and Widjaja, 2008;Hilt et al, 2011;Gurbani et al, 2013) in order to manage the overload in the SIP networks, which can be classified into local, hop-by-hop and end-to-end overload control. In local overload control, the SIP server monitors its load and starts to reject requests locally by using 503 (Service Unavailable) responses (Rosenberg, 2008;Hilt and Widjaja, 2008) when it detects overload.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In local overload control, the SIP server monitors its load and starts to reject requests locally by using 503 (Service Unavailable) responses (Rosenberg, 2008;Hilt and Widjaja, 2008) when it detects overload. In hop-by-hop overload control, the overloaded SIP server can provide feedback to its direct upstream neighbors, which then adjust the amount of traffic forwarded to this SIP server to eliminate overload.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probe-based end-to-end overload control for networks of SIP servers

Wang

Liao

et al. 2014

Journal of Network and Computer Applications

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The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) has been adopted by the IETF as the control protocol for creating, modifying and terminating multimedia sessions. Overload occurs in SIP networks when SIP servers have insufficient resources to handle received messages. Under overload, SIP networks may suffer from congestion collapse due to current ineffective SIP overload control mechanisms. This paper introduces a probe-based end-to-end overload control (PEOC) mechanism, which is deployed at the edge servers of SIP networks and is easy to implement. By probing the SIP network with SIP messages, PEOC estimates the network load and controls the traffic admitted to the network according to the estimated load. Theoretic analysis and extensive simulations verify that PEOC can keep high throughput for SIP networks even when the offered load exceeds the capacity of the network. Besides, it can respond quickly to the sudden variations of the offered load and achieve good fairness.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Probe-based end-to-end overload control for networks of SIP servers

Wang

Liao

et al. 2014

Journal of Network and Computer Applications

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A load scheduler for SIP proxy servers: design, implementation and evaluation of a history weighted window approach

Montazerolghaem

Shekofteh

Yaghmaee

et al. 2015

Int J Communication

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SUMMARYThe widespread use of Session Initiation Protocol as a signalling protocol has created various challenges. An important one is that its throughput can be severely degraded when an overload happens in the proxy server because of several retransmissions from the user agent. One common approach to overcome this problem is 'load balancing'. A balancer needs to know the status of proxy servers, which are continuously gathered implicitly or explicitly. Implicit methods have averagely less overhead than explicit ones. This paper attempts to prevent throughput reduction by balancing the loads among available proxy servers properly using an implicit mechanism called History Weighted Average Response time. The proposed algorithm is robust because it incurs no extra processing to proxy servers. The novelty of the mechanism is making use of 'response time history' to estimate the load being currently processed on servers. By implementing in a real testbed, throughput and scalability are improved compared with an important state-of-the-art similar algorithm. This improvement stems from no need for modification in SIP protocol, easy implementation and application, simple computations for making decision and no need for extra feedback between servers and load balancer.

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Local and distributed SIP overload control solution improving sustainability of SIP networks

Jahanbakhsh

Azhari

Enayatizadeh

et al. 2016

Int J Communication

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Carriers have adopted session initiation protocol (SIP) in their next generation networks. Providing carriergrade service requires high availability in times of component failures, avalanche restart, flash crowds and denial of service attacks, which cause overload on SIP servers. Throughput of SIP servers is largely degraded during overload. We propose an SIP overload control (SIP-OC) solution for local and remote situations, working in hop-by-hop and end-to-end modes. Our local SIP-OC method uses a cross-layer approach with negligible performance impact, while the implicit nature of our remote SIP-OC allows detection of sophisticated overload conditions such as those caused by non-SIP entities. Our remote SIP-OC uses transaction response time as the basis for implicit overload detection. Coupling our local and remote SIP-OC schemes, we show that the range of 'sustainable' overload that can be imposed on the system improves significantly. Moreover, incorporating a 2-means filtering mechanism into our SIP-OC scheme makes it perform well under packet-loss. We also show that our proposed solution is robust to network latency and SIP server capacity fluctuations. All of our results are obtained from experiments over SIP testbeds including an experimental IP multimedia subsystem. Figure 1. Basic session initiation protocol signaling (not showing DNS and location server for simplicity).In this paper, we propose a total SIP overload control (SIP-OC) solution including a remote SIP-OC mechanism operating between two SIP servers, namely, AIWB ‡ and a local SIP-OC scheme with almost no performance impact used at the edge, namely, SYN-dropping § . Unlike other local SIP-OC approaches, SYN-dropping is a cross-layer approach and is only triggered for independent SIP UAs running over TCP, while back-to-back user agents (B2BUA), which are in fact dense port SIP clients use AIWB. For experiments, we adopt TCP at the UA-edge and UDP at the edge-core segment of the SIP network. Nevertheless, UDP SIP clients can still continue to connect to the edge proxy. At the core, UDP is used, which improves scalability [11]; however, AIWB can operate on top of any transport mechanism as it resides entirely in the SIP layer.We will show the benefits that can be gained from combining an implicit remote SIP-OC mechanism with SYN-dropping in terms of improved network sustainability over a large range of overload. We use transaction response time (TRT) denoted by TRT (time from INVITE to any provisional response such as, 183-Session-In-Progress/OK/etc.) measured by the upstream server as an implicit indication of overload at some downstream server. Using this information, the upstream server controls the signaling load imposed on the downstream server using an adaptive window-based approach without any assistance from the overloaded server.Although we do not argue against the use of explicit SIP-OC methods, our point is to show the added benefit and feasibility of using an implicit SIP-OC mechanism, which can be integrated alongside an explicit SI...

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Controlling overload in networks of SIP servers

Cited by 77 publications

References 7 publications

Probe-based end-to-end overload control for networks of SIP servers

Probe-based end-to-end overload control for networks of SIP servers

A load scheduler for SIP proxy servers: design, implementation and evaluation of a history weighted window approach

Local and distributed SIP overload control solution improving sustainability of SIP networks

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