Controllable depolymerization of lignin using carbocatalyst graphene oxide under mild conditions

Zeng, Jijiao; Tong, Zhaohui; Bao, Hanxi; Chen, Nusheng; Wang, Fei; Wang, Yi‐Gui; Xiao, Dequan

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117100

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In addition, to gain an insight into the reaction mechanism, Zeng et al employed density functional calculations to explain the catalytic mechanism of depolymerization of lignin by a GO catalyst. The results indicated that lignin was depolymerized via an oxidative mechanism route to form an enol ether intermediate and guaiacol was the main product . Moreover, many metal ions or metal oxides regarded as effective catalysts are selective in cleaving of the C–C and C–O bonds, leading to high efficiency in lignin depolymerization .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts (e.g., Cu(OH) 2 , CuSO 4 , FeCl 3 , Co/Mn/Zr/Br, TiO 2 , and Pd/CeO 2 ) were applied for the oxidative depolymerization system to accelerate and control the reaction. Of particular interest, a recent report from the group of Zeng and co-workers demonstrated that lignin was depolymerized to low-molecular aromatics using graphene oxide without addition of any oxidizers through the oxidative mechanism with enol intermediate …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GO has attracted attention from both industries and researchers due to its unique combination of chemical and physical properties such as high strength, high physical and chemical stability, high specific surface area, high mobility of electrons, and high-efficiency heat transfer properties . In addition, GO has a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups, including epoxides, phenolic hydroxyl, carboxylic, and other carbonyl groups, resulting in its excellent catalytic performance for catalytic oxidation. − GO can be employed as a support for metals, metal oxides, or metal-free catalysts . In our previous study, we have investigated the catalytic activity of GO and its derivatives (i.e., functionalized GO with H 2 SO 4 and nitrogen-doped GO) on conversion of lignin, the phenolic product yield, and char yield from alkaline lignin depolymerization under the optimized condition at a temperature of 250 °C for 3 h. We found that synthesized GO and its derivatives enhanced the depolymerization of lignin, presented a high production yield, and prevented formation of char .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nickel and Rhenium Mixed Oxides-Doped Graphene Oxide (MOs/GO) Catalyst for the Oxidative Depolymerization of Fractionated Bagasse Lignin

Totong

Laosiripojana

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The oxidative lignin conversion into small phenolic compounds is an attractive route for lignin valorization. The major challenge of this process is to control the bond cleavage reactions due to the highly complex network of lignin and/or catalyst inefficiencies. In the present work, we integrated the catalytic functions of graphene oxide (GO) and metal oxides for oxidative depolymerization of fractionated bagasse lignin without addition of any oxidizers. A series of graphene oxide-based metal oxides with different metal-oxide phases (Ni, Re, and Ni–Re) were evaluated for their catalytic performance in terms of lignin conversion, total phenolic yield, and char yield. NiO/GO achieved 23.7% of phenolic products, producing guaiacol as the major product. Interestingly, addition of rhenium (Re) into NiO/GO promoted the catalytic performance because Re could improve the metal dispersion properties as well as selectivity in ether bond cleavage in the lignin structure. The most promising results were obtained using NiO–Re2O7/GO, giving a phenolic yield of 28.4%. For catalyst recycling studies, NiO–Re2O7/GO could preserve a constant level of phenolic yield for at least five recycle runs. This work provided an efficient catalyst for oxidative lignin depolymerization, which could be a promising choice for the utilization of lignin.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nickel and Rhenium Mixed Oxides-Doped Graphene Oxide (MOs/GO) Catalyst for the Oxidative Depolymerization of Fractionated Bagasse Lignin

Totong

Laosiripojana

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…On the other hand, in the near future, multitalented carbocatalysts would penetrate the entire catalysts’ world because of their exceptional chemistry. For example, recently, numerous research results showed that carbon nanomaterials have exhibited similar or maybe even superior activity compared to metal oxide or traditional metal catalysts. , Therefore, carbon nanomaterials can be considered as a complement or alternative for metal catalysts in kinds of important chemical processes, such as hydrogenation of carbon–carbon multiple bonds, oxidative dehydrogenation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, Strecker reaction, C–H oxidation, Friedel–Crafts reaction, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation, degradation of phenol derivatives, oxidative depolymerization of lignin models, electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and so on. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphiphilic Carbon Quantum Dots as a Bridge to a Pseudohomogeneous Catalyst for Selective Oxidative Cracking of Alkenes to Aldehydes: A Nonmetallic Oxidation System

Hadian-Dehkordi

Rezaei

Ramazani

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The oxidative cleavage of alkenes to the corresponding aldehydes using new amphiphilic carbon quantum dots (A-CQDs) as a pseudohomogeneous carbocatalyst is achieved for the first time through green and sustainable chemical processes. In this work, we successfully design a recyclable pseudohomogeneous catalyst based on A-CQDs, which is decorated with 1-aminopropyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride and stearic acid. The functionalization is conducted to introduce a hydrophilic/hydrophobic functionality on the surface of the catalyst to achieve high catalyst availability in polar and nonpolar media with the green goal of eliminating organic (co)solvents and additives. This amphiphilic carbocatalyst provides high mass transferability to the biphasic system, which is beneficial to promoting the oxidative cracking of a variety of olefins into corresponding aldehydes with a substrate/A-CQD ratio of 150. Around 87% of the substrates are converted to the related aldehydes using the carbocatalyst in the presence of H2O2, in pure water, without using a phase-transfer catalyst or any additives and organic solvents, which is comparable with the current metal-based cleavage systems. Surprisingly, A-CQDs exhibit high catalytic activity for the scission of electron-deficient CC bond of coumarin derivatives, accompanied by the cleavage of C–O bonds to produce the corresponding salicylaldehyde derivatives without overoxidation to acid. As a brief conclusion, A-CQDs exhibit high conversion efficiency without significant loss of activity even after six catalytic cycles. The conversion of alkenes into aldehydes is fast and high-throughput without overoxidation to acids and is accompanied by excellent solubility and stability in various solvents. Moreover, the product and the catalyst are recoverable from the reaction medium by simple extraction. So, this pseudohomogeneous carbocatalyst promises new horizons in imminent “catalytic age”. All in all, this paper provides a significant and novel advancement in carbocatalyst chemistry.

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“…Lignin, one of the three main ingredients in biomass, is an important aromatics biopolymer source on the Earth . Compared with cellulose and hemicellulose, lignin has higher energy density because of its lower oxygen content (27 MJ/kg), and its aromatic nature makes it a great renewable resource, which is also a wonderful substitute for petroleum fuels. , However, the highly atactic polymeric structure and the chemical stability of lignin dramatically hamper the development of its utility; only 5% of waste lignin from pulp and paper industries has been used as a low-rank fuel. − Technologies for the conversion of lignin and its lignin model compounds include oxidation, , hydrogenolysis, , pyrolysis, biological methods, and so forth. By these different methods, lignin could be converted to valuable aromatic hydrocarbons or other phenolics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional Ni/CaO-HZSM-5 Catalysts as a Two-Step Strategy To Produce n-Hexanol from Alkali Lignin

Zhu

Guo

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The production of high-value-added chemicals from the degradation of real lignin still has been an unresolved issue. In this study, a two-step strategy was proposed to obtain n-hexanol from alkali lignin, and high conversion of alkali lignin and selectivity of n-hexanol were achieved. The deoxygenation performance of the synthesized Ni-HZSM-5 catalyst, modified by Ca, was efficiently improved. At first, through the deoxygenation of alkali lignin via Ni/CaO-HZSM-5, the C−O bonds of the material were broken effectively and 44% degree of deoxygenation (DOD) was obtained. Second, n-hexanol was selectively produced over the Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst from the liquid product obtained by the first step. The efficiency of deoxygenation (DOD) was attained at 71%, and the heat value increased to 51.6 MJ/kg from 19.9 MJ/kg after the two-step strategy. This strategy showed a high catalytic effect to produce n-hexanol from alkali lignin using Ni/CaO-HZSM-5 and Ni/HZSM-5 catalysts and revealed a superior advantage in the hydrodeoxygenation of real lignin to form high additional value chemicals.

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Controllable depolymerization of lignin using carbocatalyst graphene oxide under mild conditions

Cited by 28 publications

References 51 publications

Nickel and Rhenium Mixed Oxides-Doped Graphene Oxide (MOs/GO) Catalyst for the Oxidative Depolymerization of Fractionated Bagasse Lignin

Nickel and Rhenium Mixed Oxides-Doped Graphene Oxide (MOs/GO) Catalyst for the Oxidative Depolymerization of Fractionated Bagasse Lignin

Amphiphilic Carbon Quantum Dots as a Bridge to a Pseudohomogeneous Catalyst for Selective Oxidative Cracking of Alkenes to Aldehydes: A Nonmetallic Oxidation System

Bifunctional Ni/CaO-HZSM-5 Catalysts as a Two-Step Strategy To Produce n-Hexanol from Alkali Lignin

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