Control of morphology and orientation of grains in chemical-solution-deposited Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12 thin films

Large resistive switching in Pt/BNT/HfO2/Pt capacitors

“…Moreover, the (117) and (200) peaks of BNT have a high relatively diffraction intensity because the layer-by-layer annealing process could promote the growth of (117)-oriented and a-axis-oriented grains. 26,27 The a-axisoriented and (117)-oriented grains are associated with the dot and columnar grains, which corresponds with the results of SEM images in Fig. 1(b).…”

Multiferroic properties of Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12–CoFe2O4 bilayer films derived by a sol–gel processing

“…The BNT (0.08 M) and CFO (0.2 M) precursor solutions were prepared via the same processing as reported previously [13,22,23]. The two-step rapid thermal-treatment processing was employed to anneal the bilayer films.…”

Sintering and Characterization of Rare Earth Doped Bismuth Titanate Ceramics Prepared by Soft Combustion Synthesis

“…Different synthesis methods have been developed for the production of perovskite powders, like solid state reaction, sol-gel technique, hydrothermal synthesis, co-precipitation and combustion synthesis (Hardy et al, 2004, Kim, 2006, Kojima et al, 2009, Macedo et al, 2004, Pookmanee ,Phanichphant, 2009. It was reported that the ferroelectric properties of BTO can also be improved with a specific control in terms of microstructure, chemical homogeneity and its purity (Lu et al, 2005, Yang et al, 2008. Nevertheless, there are several merits and drawbacks of each synthesis process in order to control the ferroelectric domains through the preferred microstructure as well as crystal structure.…”

“…The XRD peak corresponding to (00l) plane was clearly observed with higher intensity as compared to (117) plane. To simplify the discussion, the peak at (0014) and (117) are taken into consideration to determine the degree of c-axis orientation, α c by Lotgering factor (Yang et al, 2008):…”