Control and Operation of a DC Microgrid With Variable Generation and Energy Storage

Xu, Lie; Chen, Dong

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2011.2158456

Cited by 489 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…stand-alone and AC grid-connected) [6], -The type of the used components in the network (i.e. power storage resources, unanticipated loads, intermittent resources) [1], -The control structure of the energy generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multitier decentralized control scheme using energy storage unit and load management in inverter-based AC microgrids

Nourollah¹,

Pirayesh²,

Fripp³

2017

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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Abstract:The use of renewable energies, such as wind and solar, is rising in microgrids. However, because of their intermittent nature, achieving a stable system in spite of the fluctuations of generation and demand is very difficult.Aiming to increase the stability margin of AC islanded microgrids comprising nondeterministic resources, properly share real power (P), and keep the network frequency ( f ) at nominal value, this study exploits the presence of energy storage units (ESUs) along with a load-shedding scheme. To this end, this study proposes a multitier decentralized control strategy that is based on frequency and includes three control schemes, distributed generation unit (DGU) control, ESU control, and local loads control (LLC). These controllers operate simultaneously. The DGU controller shares the loads among DGUs in accordance with the frequency droop method. On the other hand, the ESU controller controls the production of ESUs and also the LLCs manage the loads and dump-load of the microgrid. This method ensures the proper operation of AC microgrids that comprise intermittent resources under stand-alone conditions and despite numerous events. The time responses of P and f prove the high performance of the method. The simulations are performed and coded in m-file of MATLAB.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multitier decentralized control scheme using energy storage unit and load management in inverter-based AC microgrids

Nourollah¹,

Pirayesh²,

Fripp³

2017

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, a number of AC-distributed resources are connected to the microgrid through a multi-stage conversion controller, which lowers the system efficiency to some extent [11][12][13][14][15]. As an alternative to an AC microgrid, a direct current (DC) distribution microgrid has several attractive features and is developed in [16,17]. First, the DC microgrid allows easier integration of DGs, requiring lower conversion stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Coordinated Control for Photovoltaic Generators and Energy Storages in Low-Voltage AC/DC Hybrid Microgrids under Islanded Mode

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The increasing penetration of renewable generators can be a significant challenge due to the fluctuation of their power generation. Energy storage (ES) units are one solution to improve power supply quality and guarantee system stability. In this paper, a hybrid microgrid is built based on photovoltaic (PV) generator and ES; and coordinated control is proposed and developed to achieve power management in a decentralized manner. This control scheme contains three different droop strategies according to characteristics of PV and ES. First, the modified droop control is proposed for PV, which can take full utilization of renewable energy and avoid regulating output active power frequently. Second, to maintain the direct current (DC) bus voltage stability, a novel droop control incorporating a constant power band is presented for DC-side ES. Third, a cascade droop control is designed for alternating current (AC)-side ES. Thus, the ES lifetime is prolonged. Moreover, interlinking converters (ICs) provide a bridge between AC/DC buses in a hybrid microgrid. The power control of IC is enabled when the AC-or DC-side suffer from active power demand shortage. In particular, if the AC microgrid does not satisfy the reactive power demand, IC then acts as a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). The effectiveness of the proposed strategies is verified by simulations.

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“…The microgrid systems can be classified in tune, such as a knowledge base obtained from offline system simulations, system dependencies, and continually-updated dynamic load shed tables. In [12], a load shedding approach is proposed for DC microgrid systems; the lack of communication to perform the load shedding is presented as the main advantage of the proposed method. Nevertheless, it becomes impossible to optimize the load shedding behavior, because in this method the appliances are ranked from the lowest to the highest to be shed in order, given the DC voltage fluctuation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized Load Shedding Approach for Grid-Connected DC Microgrid Systems under Realistic Constraints

2016

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Abstract:The microgrid system is an answer to the necessity of increasing renewable energy penetration and also works as a bridge for the future smart grid. Considering the microgrid system applied to commercial building equipped with photovoltaic sources, the usage of a DC microgrid architecture can improve the efficiency of the system, while ensuring robustness and reducing the overall energy cost. Given the power grid stress and the intermittency of the DC microgrid power production, backup power provision and load shedding operations may occur to stabilize the DC bus voltage. Based on the knapsack problem formulation, this paper presents a realistic optimization approach to shedding a building's appliances, considering the priority of each appliance, and also considering a minimum amount of load that must be attended. The problem is solved by mixed integer linear programming and the CPLEX solver. The proposed architecture ensures critical load supply and voltage stabilization through the real-time operation of the operational algorithm allowing the load shedding optimization approach to be applied without compromising the robustness of the system. The results obtained by simulation prove that the DC microgrid is able to supply the building power network by applying the load shedding optimization program to overcome, mainly, the renewable energy intermittency.

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Control and Operation of a DC Microgrid With Variable Generation and Energy Storage

Cited by 489 publications

References 22 publications

Multitier decentralized control scheme using energy storage unit and load management in inverter-based AC microgrids

Multitier decentralized control scheme using energy storage unit and load management in inverter-based AC microgrids

A Coordinated Control for Photovoltaic Generators and Energy Storages in Low-Voltage AC/DC Hybrid Microgrids under Islanded Mode

Optimized Load Shedding Approach for Grid-Connected DC Microgrid Systems under Realistic Constraints

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