Contributions of China’s Wood-Based Panels to CO2 Emission and Removal Implied by the Energy Consumption Standards

Wang, Shanshan; Zhang, Han; Ying, Nie; Yang, Hongqiang

doi:10.3390/f8080273

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…One manner of storing carbon is by transforming the biomass produced within forests into wood-based products. A few studies have been performed to assess the carbon flux through the life cycle of wood panels: Wang et al [2] conducted a study to assess the contribution of the wood-based panels to CO 2 emissions and removal in different panels in China. They estimated the CO 2 emissions through panel production and the CO 2 stored during their useful lives, concluding that the wood-based industry can potentially contribute to climate change mitigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particleboard Made from Palm Tree Prunings

Ferrández-García

Ferrández-Villena

et al. 2018

Forests

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Palm trees are very fast-growing species. Their management produces annually a large amount of biomass that traditionally has been either disposed of at dumping sites or has been burnt onsite. This paper presents an experimental study to obtain particleboard using this biomass in a low energy process (short pressing time and low pressing temperature), using particles of different sizes from the rachis (midrib) of the three palm species most representative of urban gardening in Spain: canary palm (Phoenix canariensis hort. ex Chabaud), date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and washingtonia palm (Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl). Their physical and mechanical properties were tested, and the feasibility of their use as a construction material was evaluated. The results showed that the manufactured particleboard had similar performance to conventional wood particleboard and good thermal insulation properties. Boards made with the canary species showed better mechanical performance. The properties of the particleboard depended on the particle size and species. The use of the pruning waste of palm trees to produce durable materials such as particleboard could be beneficial to the environment since it is a method of carbon fixation, helping to decrease atmospheric pollution and reducing the amount of waste that ends in dumping sites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particleboard Made from Palm Tree Prunings

Ferrández-García

Ferrández-Villena

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…However, the comprehensive energy consumption per unit of MDF in China is 4.8 times that of the average level in the world [ 21 ]. Moreover, MDF production yields relatively higher GHG emissions compared with other panels [ 22 ]. Thus, studies on improving the environmental profile of the MDF industry should be conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Product Carbon Footprint Protocols: Case Study on Medium-Density Fiberboard in China

Wang

Yang

2018

IJERPH

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Carbon footprint (CF) analysis is widely used to quantify the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of a product during its life cycle. A number of protocols, such as Publicly Available Specification (PAS) 2050, GHG Protocol Product Standard (GHG Protocol), and ISO 14067 Carbon Footprint of Products (ISO 14067), have been developed for CF calculations. This study aims to compare the criteria and implications of the three protocols. The medium-density fiberboard (MDF) (functional unit: 1 m3) has been selected as a case study to illustrate this comparison. Different criteria, such as the life cycle stage included, cut-off criteria, biogenic carbon treatment, and other requirements, were discussed. A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) for MDF was conducted. The CF values were −667.75, −658.42, and 816.92 kg of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) with PAS 2050, GHG protocol, and ISO 14067, respectively. The main reasons for the different results obtained were the application of different cut-off criteria, exclusion rules, and the treatment of carbon storage. A cradle-to-grave assessment (end-of-life scenarios: landfill and incineration) was also performed to identify opportunities for improving MDF production. A sensitivity analysis to assess the implications of different end-of-life disposals was conducted, indicating that landfill may be preferable from a GHG standpoint. The comparison of these three protocols provides insights for adopting appropriate methods to calculate GHG emissions for the MDF industry. A key finding is that for both LCA practitioners and policy-makers, PAS 2050 is preferentially recommended to assess the CF of MDF.

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“…Cherubini et al (2011) and Guest et al (2013) developed a unit-based index for evaluating the global warming contributions from harvesting forests to produce energy. rapid increases in production (Wang et al, 2017). The production and use of China-made WBP may hugely affect atmospheric GHG concentrations, and thus need to be accurately assessed as part of mitigation efforts by the global forestry sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2018, the global production of WBP reached a peak of 408 million m 3 , representing 45.3% of global production of solid wood products; as the largest producer and consumer in the world, in this year China's WBP accounted for 49.9% of global production (FAO, 2019). In an earlier study, it was estimated that the carbon stocks of China's WBP in use and in landfills increased by 31.7 Mt CO 2 per year between 2008 and 2015, due to rapid increases in production (Wang et al., 2017). The production and use of China‐made WBP may hugely affect atmospheric GHG concentrations, and thus need to be accurately assessed as part of mitigation efforts by the global forestry sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous investigations focused mostly on life cycle inventory of resource and energy consumption, emissions generated, and wood carbon allocation and conversion for producing a unit of a panel product (Hussain et al., 2017; Nakano et al., 2018; Taylor et al., 2017; Wilson, 2010). China‐specific studies on GHG effects of WBP, as well as other types of wood products, are relatively scarce; a few published studies produced the static GHG effects of wood product use, often without considering the detailed product end uses and their lifespans (Lun et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2018), or focusing on single product types. Also, studies combining wood products LCA with forest carbon simulation and assessing the consequent atmospheric GHG effects are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From carbon neutral to climate neutral: Dynamic life cycle assessment for wood‐based panels produced in China

Wang

Chen

Ter‐Mikaelian

et al. 2022

J of Industrial Ecology

Self Cite

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The forestry sector is crucial in supporting climate change mitigation, where the mitigation potential is assessed by combining forest carbon analysis and wood product life cycle assessment (LCA). Static LCA (sLCA) is the approach commonly used in national forestry mitigation models worldwide. Static GHG effects are calculated as a running total of emissions and removals, which are often used to imply climate effects. Also, carbon neutrality, a state when the GHG effects equal zero, is used to imply neutral climate effects. However, until carbon neutrality is achieved, the increased emissions contribute to climate warming. Dynamic LCA (dLCA) is an improved method to estimate climate effects by considering the atmospheric dynamics and heat trapping capacity of different GHGs. Climate neutrality is a state when the warming effects caused by increased emissions are fully compensated by warming reduction contributed by removals. We applied dLCA and sLCA to China‐made wood‐based panels produced from 1990 to 2018 by harvesting poplar plantations. Our results suggested that, compared to dLCA results, static GHG effects largely underestimated climate warming effects or overestimated mitigation contributions. Also, decades or longer was required to achieve climate neutrality following carbon neutrality, if achievable. So, within a given timeframe, a forestry mitigation activity can achieve carbon neutrality but increase climate warming, hindering the goal of limiting global temperature rise that was set in the 2015 Paris Agreement. Thus, to assess climate warming effects, using dLCA in addition to GHG effects is essential for forestry mitigation analysis.

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Contributions of China’s Wood-Based Panels to CO2 Emission and Removal Implied by the Energy Consumption Standards

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particleboard Made from Palm Tree Prunings

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particleboard Made from Palm Tree Prunings

Comparison of Product Carbon Footprint Protocols: Case Study on Medium-Density Fiberboard in China

From carbon neutral to climate neutral: Dynamic life cycle assessment for wood‐based panels produced in China

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